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APUSH Chapter 13-14
a what a what a what a what
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was "Manifest Destiny"? | Manifest Destiny was the term used for the belief that the US was destined to expand coast-to-coast |
| Name a few general incentives to why the American people wanted to expand westward | To spread Christianity, for nationalist reasons, to grow the population, to spread democracy, and to "civilize" the Indians |
| What was sectionalism, and how did tensions about this rise? | Sectionalism was mostly about slavery at this point, and it was about which states, but more significantly territories, could be open to slavery or not. |
| What was the initial latitude for the slavery divide? | 36'30 |
| What was the Texas annexation controversy, and what did it bring about? | Invited American settlers colonized Texas and brought slavery to it, even though it was against the Mexican constitution. This led to the Mexican government banning American immigration and eventually the Texas Rebellion |
| What was the cause of the Mexican War? | The Mexican War was triggered by boundary disputes between US and Mexico, and was decided after Mexico attacked Taylor's troops guarding the border. |
| For how long was Texas considered an independent nation, and why was it? | Texas was an independent nation from 1836 to 1845 because of their refusal to merge with the United States of America. |
| Was Texas annexed as a slave state or a free state? | A slave state |
| Summarize the boundary dispute between Texas/US and Mexico | Texas/US claim that the Rio Grande is the southern border of Texas, but Mexico claims that the Nueces river is the real Southern border, dominoing into the Mexican War. |
| What was the Slidell Mission and what did it entail? | John Slidell's mission was an attempt to get the Mexican government to recognize the Rio Grande as the true border, and a deal to purchase New Mexico and Cali. |
| What did the Wilmot Proviso do? | The Wilmot Proviso was a failed attempt at banning slavery from all acquired territory. |
| What ended the Mexican-American war and what did it do? | The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ended the war peacefully, gave Americans Texas up to the Rio Grande, territory was ceded in the Southwest, and America paid Mexico 15 million |
| How did the treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo cause internal issues? | The land acquired by the Mexican Cession caused slavery-based tensions. |
| Who were the senators involved in the Compromise of 1850? | Henry Clay, John C Calhoun, Daniel Webster, Stephen Douglas, William Seward |
| What was the Fugitive Slave Law, and what did it do? | This law required all citizens to seek out and return escaped slaves back to their owners or face punishments. People could not hide slaves as well. |
| How did the Fugitive Slave Law cause tensions between the North and the South? | The more abolitionist North had innocent people getting punished for having free black people, which angered them. |
| What were the four main issues that were compromised on in the Compromise of 1850? | California statehood (slave or free state), extension of the Missouri Compromise line/Combination of Utah and Texas, Fugitive Slave Law ethics, slave trade in DC |
| What did the Compromise of 1850 entail for the North? | California would be a free state, the slave trade would be abolished in DC, and Texas would lose a slaveholding area |
| What did the Compromise of 1850 entail for the South? | Utah/Texas open to slavery under POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY, slaveholding would still be permitted in DC, Texas would get 10 million debt paid off, and the Fugitive slave law would become even stricter. |
| What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and what did it do? | This act opened up both Kansas and Nebraska for settlement, and decide that the issue of slavery would be settled with popular sovereignty. |
| How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act further escalate internal tensions? | The introduction of popular sovereignty caused acts of violence to break out, where both the pro-slavery and anti-slavery people were against each other. |
| What was Bleeding Kansas? | Bleeding Kansas was a civil war that was the direct cause of the Kansas-Nebraska act. It lasted for seven years and was an internal conflict. |
| What was the Dred Scott decision, what did it rule? | The court ruled that black people were not considered citizens, and that they could not sue, and that private property could be taken to any territory and be legally held there. Essentially, it allowed slavery in every country-owned territory. |
| Why was the Dred Scott decision so important leading up to the civil war? | Because, in effect, the Dred Scott decision allowed slaves to be taken to any territory (as they were considered private property), slavery was now allowed anywhere in the territories. |
| Who was John Brown, and why was he significant? | Brown was a proslavery extremist that tried to start an armed slave revolt and was convicted of murder and treason. |
| Who were the candidates in the election of 1860? | Abraham Lincoln, Stephen Douglas, John Bell, John Breckinridge |
| What was the Freeport Doctrine? | A document written by Stephen Douglas that popularized popular sovereignty |
| What is popular sovereignty? | In the context of APUSH, popular sovereignty is the decision to let a state decide for themself whether to institute slavery or not. |
| What happened once Abraham Lincoln won presidency? | South Carolina seceded from the United States, along with Alabama, Miss., Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas |
| What was the Crittenden Compromise? | A proposal to extend the 36'30 line in order to protect slavery for the states and territories beneath it - Lincoln says no |
| Which states seceded before the battle of Sumter? | Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Texas, South Carolina |
| Which states seceded after the battle of Sumter? | Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee |
| Which states were border states? | Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware |
| What was Abraham Lincoln's MAIN incentive to emancipate the slaves? | Freeing the slaves was used as a war tactic to weaken the opposing side in an effort to unify the union once again. |
| Who had the overall advantage in the civil war, and why? | The North had the advantage, as they had a stabler economy and very good war commanders, as well as a centralized government that allowed for more control. |
| What sort of problems did the Confederacy experience? | 9000% inflation in their currency, Robert E Lee, strong resistance to authority |
| Why was Lincoln hesitant to end slavery initially? | He didn't want to anger the border states and potentially lose them, as his goal was to unify the US once more. He also felt no obligation to. |
| Why was the Emancipation Proclamation ineffective? | It only applied to the states that were part of the Confederacy, and not the border states, essentially not freeing anybody. |
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