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pathophysiology
final 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A patient has a severe kidney obstruction leading to removal of the affected kidney. Which of the following would the nurse expect to occur? | Compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining kidney |
| A 42-year-old male is involved in a motor vehicle accident that has resulted in prerenal failure. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition? | Inadequate renal blood flow |
| What is the most common type of renal stone composed of? | Calcium |
| A patient is diagnosed with renal calculus that is causing a urinary obstruction. Which symptoms would be most likely experienced? | Flank pain |
| When a 42 year old is diagnosed with chronic renal failure, which dietary restriction will the nurse discuss with the patient? | Proteins |
| A 7-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for incontinence. His mother indicates that he has never been continent before. This history supports which form of enuresis? | Primary |
| When a child is admitted with acute renal failure, a clinician realizes the most common cause of acute renal failure is: | hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). |
| In addition to a mass, the child with Wilms tumor may also exhibit which assessment finding? (Select all that apply.) | Abdominal pain Hematuria Fever |
| Physical examination of a newborn who dies shortly after birth reveals wide-set eyes, parrot-beak nose, low-set ears, and receding chin. These abnormalities support which diagnosis? | Potter syndrome |
| A 6-year-old male diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux is experiencing urine reflux from the urinary bladder into a grossly dilated ureter and calyces. This condition would be graded: | IV. |
| A 38-year-old female was recently diagnosed with cancer. She learns that her mother almost miscarried while pregnant with her and was given diethylstilbestrol (DES) to prevent it. Which of the following cancers does she most likely have? | Vaginal |
| A 30-year-old female with newly diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is being counseled by her OB-GYN. The physician indicates that this condition often results in: | infertility. |
| The descent of the bladder and the anterior vaginal wall into the vaginal canal is called a: | cystocele. |
| A 40-year-old female presents with cramping and excessive vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound reveals benign uterine tumors in the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium. These tumors are commonly called: | leiomyomas. |
| A 21-year-old female is infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) following unprotected sexual intercourse with a male she recently met. She is now at higher risk of developing which of the following cancers? | Cervical |
| A 38 year old presents reporting difficulty having sexual intercourse because his penis curves during erection. What term describes this condition? | Peyronie disease |
| A 30 year old presents with penile tenderness and discharge while the physical examination reveals that his foreskin cannot be retracted back over the glans penis. This assessment data is consistent with what condition? | Phimosis |
| An important risk factor in the development of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) among Americans is: | increased age. |
| In the majority of cases delayed puberty is due to: | slow maturation. |
| The patient’s medication has a side effect of gynecomastia. The nurse would respond that gynecomastia is: | overdevelopment of breast tissue in males. |
| An analysis of most gallstones would reveal a high concentration of: | cholesterol. |
| Bright red bleeding from the rectum is referred to as: | hematochezia. |
| Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy from chronic liver disease are the result of: | impaired ammonia metabolism. |
| A 56 year old is diagnosed with gastric ulcers. Which of the following characterizes this disorder? (Select all that apply.) | Pain occurs immediately after eating. Anorexia. History of NSAID use. |
| Chronic gastritis is classified according to the: | location of lesions. |
| A 1-week-old female is brought to her pediatrician for abdominal distention and unstable temperature. Physical examination reveals bradycardia and apnea. Tests reveal portal venous gas and an intestinal perforation. This condition is referred to as: | necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). |
| A 2-week-old infant vomits forcefully immediately after feeding for no apparent reason and is frequently constipated. These signs support which diagnosis? | Pyloric stenosis |
| A 2-month-old female is brought to the emergency room (ER) for persistent bile-stained vomiting after feeding. Physical examination reveals dehydration, and x-ray reveals gas bubbles in the intestines. What is the most likely cause of this condition? | Malrotation |
| Marasmus is most common in children of which age-group? | Younger than 1 year |
| Kwashiorkor is a severe dietary deficiency of: | protein. |
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IGEMINI81