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Pt 2 Digestive Sys
Part Two Digestive System Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which organ connects horizontally across the posterior abdominal wall in a C-shaped curve to the duodenum? A Liver B Gallbladder C Pancreas D Kidney | Pancreas |
| What type of cells are responsible for producing pancreatic juice? A Pancreatic acinar cells B Hepatocytes C Kupffer cells D Goblet cells | Pancreatic acinar cells |
| Into which part of the small intestine does the pancreatic duct empty? A Jejunum B Duodenum C Ileum D Cecum | Duodenum |
| Which structure controls the movement of pancreatic juice into the duodenum? A Pyloric sphincter B Ileocecal valve C Cardiac sphincter D Hepatopancreatic sphincter | Hepatopancreatic sphincter |
| Which two organs share the same point of connection to the duodenum along with the pancreatic duct? A Liver and Gallbladder B Stomach and Esophagus C Spleen and Kidney D Colon and Appendix | Liver and Gallbladder |
| Which enzyme in pancreatic juice is responsible for breaking down triglycerides? A Pancreatic lipase B Pancreatic amylase C Trypsinogen D Chymotrypsinogen | Pancreatic lipase |
| Which component of pancreatic juice is responsible for digesting proteins? A Pancreatic amylase B Pancreatic lipase C Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and carboxypeptidase D Glycogen | Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and carboxypeptidase |
| What is the role of pancreatic amylase in digestion? A Breaking down triglycerides B Splitting glycogen into disaccharides C Digesting proteins D Controlling pancreatic juice flow | Splitting glycogen into disaccharides |
| Which of the following enzymes is secreted in an inactive form and activated in the small intestine? A Trypsinogen B Amylase C Lipase D Maltase | Trypsinogen |
| Which hormone is released by the duodenal mucous membrane to neutralize acidic chyme in the small intestine? A Secretin B Gastrin C Insulin D Glucagon | Secretin |
| How does secretin contribute to digestion in the small intestine? A Stimulates the release of bile B Induces the release of bicarbonate ions in pancreatic juice C Activates pepsinogen D Increases hydrochloric acid secretion | Induces the release of bicarbonate ions in pancreatic juice |
| Which enzyme in pancreatic juice is primarily responsible for breaking down proteins during digestion? A Trypsin B Amylase C Lipase D Maltase | Trypsin |
| Which structure divides the liver into a large right lobe and a smaller left lobe? A Connective tissue B Fibrous capsule C Hepatic artery D Portal vein | Connective tissue |
| What is the primary function of the sinusoids in the liver? A To store bile B To produce digestive enzymes C To detoxify substances D To nourish hepatic cells with nutrients | To nourish hepatic cells with nutrients |
| What metabolic process in the liver involves the conversion of excess glucose into a storage form? A Production of glycogen from glucose B Oxidation of fatty acids C Deamination of amino acids D Synthesis of urea | A Production of glycogen from glucose |
| Which of the following is NOT an function of the liver? A Stores glycogen B Produces bile C Breaks down glycogen into glucose D Store Bile | Store Bile |
| What is the main function of Kupffer cells in the liver? A Phagocytosis of bacteria and foreign particles B Secretion of insulin C Storage of glycogen D Production of bile | Phagocytosis of bacteria and foreign particles |
| Which component of bile is primarily responsible for its digestive function? A Bile pigments B Bile salts C Cholesterol D Electrolytes | Bile salts |
| What is the primary function of the gallbladder? A Stores bile between meals B Produces bile C Converts bile into hormones D Detoxifies bile | Stores bile between meals |
| How does the gallbladder contribute to digestion? A It secretes digestive enzymes into the duodenum B It neutralizes stomach acid C It releases concentrated bile into the small intestine D It absorbs nutrients from bile | It releases concentrated bile into the small intestine |
| Which duct connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct? A Cystic duct B Hepatic duct C Pancreatic duct D Ileal duct | Cystic duct |
| What stimulates the release of cholecystokinin (CCK) during digestion? A Presence of carbohydrates B Presence of proteins C Presence of fat in chyme D High pH in the intestine | Presence of fat in chyme |
| What role does the hepatopancreatic sphincter play in digestion? A Stores bile B Produces bile C Regulates flow of bile into the duodenum D Absorbs nutrients | Regulates flow of bile into the duodenum |
| How does bile enter the duodenum? A Through the pancreatic duct B Directly from the gallbladder C Via the stomach D Through the hepatopancreatic sphincter | Through the hepatopancreatic sphincter |
| What happens to the hepatopancreatic sphincter when cholecystokinin is released? A It contracts B It secretes bile C It produces enzymes D It relaxes | It relaxes |
| What process breaks down fats in a way that increases their total surface area? A Emulsification B Osmosis C Fermentation D Photosynthesis | Emulsification |
| Which enzyme is more effective after the emulsification of fat molecules? A Amylase B Pepsin C Lipase D Lactase | Lipase |
| Which components enhance the absorption of fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins in the body? A Starch granules B Bile salts C Mineral salts D Hormones | Bile salts |
| What results from a lack of bile salts in the human body? A Excessive protein synthesis B Increased blood sugar levels C Enhanced fat digestion D Poor lipid absorption and vitamin deficiencies | Poor lipid absorption and vitamin deficiencies |
| Why is emulsification important in fat digestion? A It increases the surface area of fats for better enzyme action. B It breaks down proteins into amino acids. C It neutralizes stomach acid. D It converts carbohydrates into glucose. | It increases the surface area of fats for better enzyme action. |
| What happens to bile flow when the gallbladder is removed? A Bile production stops completely. B Bile flows into the pancreas instead. C Bile accumulates in the liver. D Bile flows directly into the small intestine. | Bile flows directly into the small intestine. |
| What are the three parts of the small intestine? A Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum B Ascending, Transverse, Descending C Cecum, Colon, Rectum D Pylorus, Antrum, Fundus | Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum |
| Which function is NOT performed by the small intestine? A Complete digestion of nutrients in chyme B Absorb products of digestion C Transport residue to the large intestine D Secrete bile for fat digestion | Secrete bile for fat digestion |
| What are the tiny projections on the inner wall of the small intestine called? A Intestinal villi B Microvilli C Cilia D Papillae | Intestinal villi |
| Where are intestinal villi densest in the small intestine? A Ileum B Cecum C Duodenum and proximal portion of jejunum D Rectum | Duodenum and proximal portion of jejunum |
| What type of epithelium covers each villus? A Stratified squamous epithelium B Pseudostratified epithelium C Transitional epithelium D Simple columnar epithelium | Simple columnar epithelium |
| What do blood and lymph capillaries within the villi transport? A Absorbed nutrients B Oxygen and carbon dioxide C Hormones D Nerve signals | Absorbed nutrients |
| What is the main role of peptidase in digestion? A Breaks down peptides into amino acids B Breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids C Converts starch into simple sugars D Emulsifies fats in the intestine | Breaks down peptides into amino acids |
| Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol? A Amylase B Sucrase C Peptidase D Lipase | Lipase |
| What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system? A Absorption of water and electrolytes B Protein digestion C Carbohydrate digestion D Production of digestive enzymes | Absorption of water and electrolytes |
| What type of epithelium is found in the upper part of the anal canal? A Columnar epithelium B Cuboidal epithelium C Stratified squamous epithelium D Ciliated epithelium | Columnar epithelium |
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