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CJ research methods3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which is a concern when using big data? | data quality |
| ______ are geographic locations within jurisdictions where crimes cluster. | Hot spots |
| Big data means ______. | a very large dataset |
| Crime mapping in recent decades has been even more beneficial to criminal apprehension and crime prevention with advancing technology. | True |
| Which of the following is a main function of crime mapping? | The relationships among variables can be established. |
| On a crime map, a ______ is a symbol that indicates that the probability of crime is most likely inside the area and decreases as you move toward the edge of the area. | crime gradient |
| Crime mapping is the process of using ______ to conduct special analysis of crime problems and other police-related issues. | geographic information system |
| Face-to-face, online, and digital economic transactions; interactions with a criminal justice agency; and geopolitical relations among nation states are examples of social networks. | True |
| Google Ngram allows a user to examine the ______ of a word. | frequency |
| What is the Institutional Review Board responsible for? | protecting human subjects in a research study |
| Relational data measures the contacts, connections, attachments, and ties that relate one unit to the next. | True |
| Which of the following illustrates an ethical issue with analysis using big data related to subject confidentiality? | There should be no way to link living descendents to subjects. |
| How was Krebs’ network graph of the al-Qaeda terrorist network able to determine that Mohamed Atta was the likely leader of the cell? | Krebs used SNA to determine relations between the terrorists and concluded from the graph that Mohamed Atta had the most relations with other nodes. |
| ______ predicts the probability of crime occurring in the future using underlying factors of the environment that are associated with crime. | Risk-terrain modeling |
| Which of the following statements is true about how crime mapping is used for crime prevention? | It can help to identify crime hot spots so agencies can deploy resources more effectively. |
| Large and rapidly changing data sets are known as ______. | big data |
| On a crime map, a ______ is a symbol that indicates where crime is likley to occur with a particular specified area. | crime site |
| The ______ is a statistic that measures the extent to which nodes connect to other nodes that are not directly linked to each other in a social network analysis. | betweenness centrality score |
| On a crime map, a ______ is a symbol that points to specific places where crime is likely to occur. | dot |
| Which is an example of a political concern when using big data? | how race is coded |
| Krebs (2001) used social network analysis and snowball sampling to create a network graph of the al-Qaeda terrorist network by ______. | mapping the terrorist suspects’ ego networks |
| Which of the following is a concern when using big data? | Digital data may be unrepresentative of the general population due to socioeconomic differences. |
| Qualitative methods have their greatest appeal when we need to explore new issues, investigate hard-to-study groups, or determine the meaning people give to their lives and actions. According to your text, this appeal is why qualitative methods focus on | unstudied |
| One of the main differences between an ethnography and a netnography is that a netnography is focused on _ | online communities |
| Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a researcher engaging in covert observation? | A researcher does not disclose that they are actually a researcher making observations. |
| Which sampling method requires participants in a study to carry an electronic pager and fill out reports when they are beeped? | experience sampling |
| The goal of is to develop a comprehensive picture of the interviewee's background, attitudes, and actions in their own terms. | intensive interviewing |
| Which of the following is an example of a focus group? | a researcher lived with a community for three months to study their cultural rituals |
| The ethical issue of qualitative research methods concerned with identifiable information is | confidentiality |
| Which of the following is related to the ethical issue in qualitative research methods of appropriate boundaries? | a researcher began an intimate relationship with some of his participants |
| he point when new interviews seem to yield little additional information is referred to as the___ point. | saturation |
| A researcher was in how gender affected the behavior of neigbhorhood police officers, wanted to see the influence of gender as it happened, without disrupting the participants. she announced she was a resaercher to her participants and took the role of | complete observation |
| Which of the following is an example of secondary data? | official statistics |
| Which kind of research focuses on the one unit under investigation (such as the nation, state, or other unit) as a whole rather than on different parts of the whole in isolation from each other? | case-oriented research |
| Which type of research is inductive, case-oriented, and temporal in nature? | historical research |
| Once coding procedures are developed for content analysis, their reliability should be assessed by | comparing different coders' codes for the same variables |
| Which method can help us learn a great deal about popular culture and many other issues by studying the characteristics of messages delivered through the mass media and other sources? | content analysis |
| _____ combines the ethnographic process of engaging in ongoing social processes in a defined social setting with the visual sociologist's attention to the nonverbal aspects of the social world. | Video ethnography |
| Which of the following is a sampling strategy used in qualitative research where researchers select cases because they reflect theoretically important distinctions? | purposive sampling |
| The quality of secondary data analysis rests on | the quality of the primary data |
| Ethical concerns arise in secondary data analysis because of which of the following? | individuals can still be harmed if sensitive information is disclosed |
| Oral histories can be useful for understanding historical events that occurred within the lifetimes of living individuals. | True |
| Which of the following is true about policy research? | The goal is to inform those who make policy about the strengths and weaknesses and potential positive and negative effects. |
| A cost-benefit analysis is an analysis in which | inputs and outputs are estimated in monetary terms |
| Which of the following illustrates an outcome in evaluation research? | a decline in criminal offending |
| Which of the following would be an example of a finding produced from a process evaluation? | There is an issue in how clients are receiving the intervention. |
| One of the challenges with evaluation research is the lack of | randomization |
| In Taylor and Woods' evaluation of conducted energey devices (CEDs) or tasers, they determined that CEDs were found to | reduce both officer and citizen injuries |
| What are clients, customers, or students referred to in evaluation research? | inputs |
| A cost-effectiveness analysis is an analysis in which | inputs are estimated in monetary terms and outputs are estimated in terms of actual impacts |
| Applied research refers to which of the following? | research that has an impact on social policies |
| Evidence-based policies are those that ____ | have been evaluated with a methodologically rigorous design |
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