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Topic 15 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| baby boom | a large increase in birthrate from the late 1940s through the early 1960s |
| Brown vs. board of Education of Topeka | 1954 Supreme Court ruling reversing the policy of segregation, declaring that "separate could never be equal" and a year later ordered the integration of all public schools "with all deliberate speed" - society became less racist |
| Civil disobedience | Nonviolent protests against unjust laws - boycotts, sit-ins & marches used by Martin Luther King to gain civil rights and end defacto segregation |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Passed by Congress to protect the right of all citizens to vote, outlawed discrimination in hiring and ended segregation in public places |
| Cold War | A post-World War II struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union that caused a state of tension, fear of nuclear war and division between nations, though no direct fighting took place. (Communist vs. Democratic Nations) |
| Containment | Policy pursued by the United States during the Cold War to stop the spread of communism |
| Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) | A Military showdown between the United States and Soviet Union resulting from the US discovery of Soviet missiles on Cuba. The military blockade of Cuba ordered by President Kennedy eventu- ally led to the removal of the missiles |
| Détente | Nixon's foreign policy of easing Cold War tension between the US & the Soviet Union with such agreements as the SALT treaty and increased trade |
| Domino Theory | The idea that communism would spread from one country to its neighboring countries like a row of dominoes - this belief helped to get the US involved in Vietnam |
| Free Enterprise System | An economy in which private citizens own businesses |
| Integrate | To end separation of different races and bring into equal member- ship in society |
| Korean War (1950-1953) | North Korean troops (communist) invaded South Korea (non-communist) - the US sent troops - there is still no permanent peace - part of the Cold War |
| Malcolm X | Black Muslim leader who believed that African Americans could only succeed if they separated from white society |
| Marshall Plan | 1947 plan passed by Congress that wanted to help Europe rebuild its economy. The US was afraid that hungry, homeless people might turn to communism |
| Martin Luther King | Led the Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the 1960s with nonviolent disobedience such as boycotts, sit-ins, "freedom rides", & marches to bring about integration & civil rights |
| North Atlantic Treaty Organization | An organization formed in 1949 by the United States and Western European Allies - purpose was to defend Western Europe against any Soviet aggression |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court ruling that segregated facilities for blacks and whites: "separate but equal" |
| Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty | A treaty signed in 1972 by the US & the Soviet Union agreeing to limit the number of nuclear warheads & missiles and whose purpose was to help reduce tension of the Cold War |
| Segregation | To separate the races to keep them apart - in such situations as housing, schools, restrooms, drinking fountains, etc. |
| Space Exploration in the 1960s | Race to explore space and land a man on the moon between the US and the Soviet Union; part of the Cold War |
| Sweatt v. Painter | 1950 Supreme Court ruling requiring state schools to provide facilities for blacks substantially equal to those provided for white students |
| Truman Doctrine | A 1947 statement that promised military and economic assistance to Greece and Turkey that were threatened by communism |
| Vietnam War (1965-1975) | In the 1960s the US sent troops to the area and did not withdraw until 1975 - caused many deaths and protest in the US |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | Passed by Congress to end literacy tests which were often given in the South to keep blacks from voting and allowed federal regu- lation of voter registration in states where local officials practiced discrimination |
| Communism | A system of government in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. |
Created by:
Empathyy