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Chapter 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| congenital anomalies | an irregularity that is present at birth; might or might not be due to genetic factors. |
| acute | a serious state of illness or injury which someone ofter recovers with treatment |
| chronic | A long-lasting condition; not temporary |
| episodic | occurring in episodes; a temporary condition that will pass but may recur |
| progressive | a disease or condition that worsens over time and from which one seldom or never recovers with treatment |
| Traumatic brain injury | injury to the brain resulting in total or partial disability or psychosocial maladjustment that affects educational performance. |
| Cerebral palsy | A condition characterized by paralysis, weakness, lack of coordination, and/or other motor dysfunction; caused by damage to the brain before it has matured. |
| quadriplegia | a neurological condition in which all four limbs are paralyzed. |
| paraplegia | a condition in which both legs are paralyzed |
| hemiplegia | a neurological condition in which one half (left or right) of the body is affected |
| spasticity | characterized by muscle stiffness and problems in voluntary movement; associated with spastic cerebral palsy |
| choreoathetoid | characterized by involuntary movements and difficulty with balance; associated with choreoathetoid cerebral palsy |
| atonic | lack of muscle tone; floppiness |
| seizure | a sudden altercation of consciousness, usually companied by motor activity and/or sensory phenomena; caused by an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in the brain |
| epilepsy | a pattern of repeated seizures |
| Spina bifida | a congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development |
| neural tube defect | any defect involving the spinal cord |
| catheterization | insertion of a tube into an organ of the body to inject a fluid or to withdraw a fluid, such as urine from the bladder |
| muscular dystrophy | a hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness caused by degeneration of muscle fibers |
| juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | a systemic disease with major symptoms involving the muscles and joints; an autoimmune disorder occurring before 16 yrs of age in which the muscles and joints are affected |
| Asthma | a lung disease characterized by episodic difficulty in breathing, particularly exhaling, due to in flammation obstruction of the air passages |
| Cystic fibrosis | an inherited disease affecting primarily the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory organs; characterized by think, sticky mucus that often interferes with breathing or digestion |
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome | a virus-caused illness resulting in a breakdown of the immune system |
| fetal alcohol spectrum disorders | a range of disorders in children whose mothers consumed large quantities of alcohol during pregnancy |
| phenylketonuria | a metabolic genetic disorder caused by the inability of the body convery phenylalanine to tyrosine; an accumulation of phenylalanine results in abnormal brain development |
| prosthesis | a device designed to replace, partially or completely, a part of body |
| orthosis | a device designed to restore, partially or completely, a lost function of the body |
| adaptive devices | special tools that are adaptions of common items to make accomplishing self-care, work, or recreation activities easier for people with physical disabilities |
| individualized family service plan | a plan mandated by PL 99-457 to provide services for young children with disabilities and their families; drawn up by professionals and parentsq |
| adaptive behavior | the social and practical intelligence used in people's everyday lives; along with IQ, is considered in maing a determination of intellectual disability. |
| executive function | the ability to regulate one's behavior through working memory, inner speech, control of emotions and arousal levels, analysis of problems and communication of problem solutions to others |
Created by:
mrutledge197