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Stack #4666405

QuestionAnswer
Fossil The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past.
adaptations an inheritable trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce.
Darwin's important observations included the diversity of living things, the remains of ancient organisms, and the characteristics of organisms on the Galapagos Islands
Scientific Theory the best explanation for a set of data or observations based on evidence from repeated studies/trials.
selective breeding (artificial selection) When humans choose the traits they want in a species
Natural Selection The process by which individuals that are better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species.
Evidence for evolution include: the fossil record, radiometric dating, genetic information, the distribution of organisms, and anatomical (homologous structures) and developmental similarities (embryology) across the species.
Population all of the individuals of a species that live in the same area.
Evolution The change in a POPULATION'S traits over time
Variations the range of traits in a population
What did Darwin observe in the Galapagos Islands That though the organisms were similar to the mainland species, they had changed over time to better fit their individual environments.
heritable In order for natural or artificial selection to occur, traits must be:
The fossil record is the collection of the millions of fossils that scientists have collected.
Why are some fossils in the deep layers of rock but not the upper layers of rock? The organism is probably extinct.
Relative Dating Estimating the age of a fossil based on its placement in the layers of rock. Higher layers of rock will usually be younger than fossils buried deeper.
Fossils in the deep layers are more primitive because they are the most ancient.
Radiometric Dating The method of dating fossils by measuring and comparing the amount of a radioactive (unstable) element and the stable form of the element in the rocks near the fossils.
Distribution of organisms Example: organisms on islands are more related to main land species. The island species changed over time to better fit the new environment.
Early Development (embryology) The study of the similar or identical larvae or embryos that have different adult forms as evidence of a common ancestor.
homologous structures similar in structure but may have a different function and are evidence of a common ancestor.
Genetic Evidence The closer two organisms are related then the more similar their DNA sequence will be.
How do new species form? When a group is isolated (separated) from the rest of the population.
What are two ways to get variations in the population Mutations and meiosis
Extinction What happens if the population does not have any variations to help them survive changes in the environment.
factors (selective pressures) that may lead to change in a population change in food, climate, living space, competition with others, and predator-prey relationship
mutations random, inheritable changes in DNA that can be positive, negative, or neutral depending on the environment.
Created by: WMS Life Science
 

 



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