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Chem Test 1: Ch 4

Vocabulary Ch 4: Chemistry an Introduction Timberlake

QuestionAnswer
Anion Any negatively charged ion
Bent shape of molecule with 2 bonded atoms and 2 lone pairs
Cation Any positively charged ion
Dipole separation of positive and negative charges in polar bond, arrow indicates the more negative
Dipole-Dipole Attraction Attractive forces between oppositely charged ends of polar molecule
Dispersion Forces Weak dipole bonding that results in momentary polarization of non polar molecules in a substance
Double Bond Sharing of 2 pairs of electrons by two atoms
Electronegativity Relative ability of an element to attract electrons in a bond
Hydrogen Bond Attraction between a partially positive H and a strong electronegative: F, O or N
Ion Atom or group of atoms having an electrical charge because of a loss/gain of an electron
Ionic Charge Difference between number of protons and electrons in an ion
Molecule smallest unit of two or more atoms held together by covalent bond
Nonpolar covalent bond Covalent bond with equally shared electrons. Electronegativity: 0.0-0.4
Nonpolar molecule molecule has only nonpolar bonds or dipoles cancel
Octet 8 valence electrons
Octet Rule Elements in Groups 1A-7A reacts with others to achieve a noble gas arrangement, typically 8 valence electrons
Polar Covalent Bond Electrons shared unequally between atoms. Electronegativity: 0.4-1.8
Polar Molecule Molecule where dipoles do not cancel
Polyatomic Ion Group of covalently bonded nonmetals that has an overall electrical charge
Triple Bond Sharing of 3 pairs of electrons by 2 atoms
Valence-Shape Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) theory that predicts the shape of molecules by placing electron pairs on central atom as far apart as possible to minimize the mutual repulsion of the electron
Created by: kallenpoole
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