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5.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| asexual reproduction | involves a single parent. it results in offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. all prokaryotes and some eukaryotes reproduce this way. |
| crossing-over | exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. It results in new combinations of genes on each chromosome. |
| diploid | cell that has twice the number of chromosomes as a gamete. |
| egg | female gamete |
| fertilization | process in which two gametes unite |
| gamete | reproductive cell |
| gametogenesis | The development of haploid cells into gametes is called gametogenesis. |
| haploid | cell that contains only half the number of chromosomes found in other cells of the organism. |
| independent assortment | When cells divide during meiosis, homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed to daughter cells, and different chromosomes segregate independently of each other. This called is called independent assortment. |
| meiosis | type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. It occurs only in certain special cells of the organisms. |
| sexual reproduction | involves two parents. in sexual reproduction, parents produce reproductive cells called gametes that unite to form offspring. |
| life cycle | This series of life stages and events that a sexually reproducing organism goes through is called its life cycle. |
| sperm | male gamete |
| zygote | fertilized cell that results from fertilization |