a group of organisms that can interbreed naturally to produce fertile offspring

the change in the heritable characteristics—specifically allele frequencies—of biological populations over successive generations

the preserved remains, impressions, or traces of ancient organisms (plants, animals, microbes) from past geological ages, typically over 10,000 years old

the evolutionary process where populations of organisms change over generations to become better suited to their environment

a comprehensive, well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of facts, laws, and tested hypotheses

a fundamental mechanism of evolution where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

a fundamental interaction between organisms or species striving for limited resources

a mode of natural selection where members of one biological sex choose mates with specific traits or compete for access to mating

a biological process where two or more species reciprocally influence each other's evolution through close ecological interactions

the totality of all discovered and undiscovered fossils, placed in chronological order within Earth's geological strata

the earliest stage of development for a multicellular organism, starting from the fertilization of an egg until it develops into a fetus.

Homologous structures

physical features in different organisms that share a common evolutionary ancestor, often possessing similar underlying anatomy even if they serve different functions

a species, subspecies, or group of organisms that has completely disappeared from Earth, with no living representatives remaining

anatomical structures, behaviors, or biochemical processes in a species that have lost most or all of their original, ancestral function through evolution

a scientific technique that uses the roughly consistent rate of mutations in DNA, RNA, or protein sequences to estimate the time in prehistory when two or more species diverged from a common ancestor

a scientific method used in geology and archaeology to determine the chronological order of past events, fossils, or rock layers without identifying their exact numerical age

a technique used to determine the specific numerical age—in years—of rocks, fossils, or artifacts.

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Change Over Time

Question	Answer
Species	a group of organisms that can interbreed naturally to produce fertile offspring
Evolution	the change in the heritable characteristics—specifically allele frequencies—of biological populations over successive generations
Fossil	the preserved remains, impressions, or traces of ancient organisms (plants, animals, microbes) from past geological ages, typically over 10,000 years old
Adaptation	the evolutionary process where populations of organisms change over generations to become better suited to their environment
Scientific theory	a comprehensive, well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of facts, laws, and tested hypotheses
Natural selection	a fundamental mechanism of evolution where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
Competition	a fundamental interaction between organisms or species striving for limited resources
Sexual selection	a mode of natural selection where members of one biological sex choose mates with specific traits or compete for access to mating
Coevolution	a biological process where two or more species reciprocally influence each other's evolution through close ecological interactions
Fossil record	the totality of all discovered and undiscovered fossils, placed in chronological order within Earth's geological strata
Embryo	the earliest stage of development for a multicellular organism, starting from the fertilization of an egg until it develops into a fetus.
Homologous structures	physical features in different organisms that share a common evolutionary ancestor, often possessing similar underlying anatomy even if they serve different functions
Extinct	a species, subspecies, or group of organisms that has completely disappeared from Earth, with no living representatives remaining
Vestigial organs	anatomical structures, behaviors, or biochemical processes in a species that have lost most or all of their original, ancestral function through evolution
Molecular clock	a scientific technique that uses the roughly consistent rate of mutations in DNA, RNA, or protein sequences to estimate the time in prehistory when two or more species diverged from a common ancestor
Relative dating	a scientific method used in geology and archaeology to determine the chronological order of past events, fossils, or rock layers without identifying their exact numerical age
Absolute dating	a technique used to determine the specific numerical age—in years—of rocks, fossils, or artifacts.

Created by: user-2020277

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