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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| confederation | system where regions unite for a common purpose while keeping some independencs in canada, refers to creation of the country in 1867, ex. provinces have own power for education and healthcare |
| authority | legitimate right to excersice power. ensures people follow rules bc they are seen as valid. ex. citizens follow because they recognize gov authority |
| soverignty | states authority to govern itself without external interference. its essential for independece. ex. countries make their own laws without control from other states |
| public goods | services provided by the state that everyone can use and cannot be excluded from. necessary bc markets do not provide them fairly. ex. national defense is expected to protect all citizens regardless of payment |
| rights | protections and freedoms which people are entitled to. limit gov power and support democracy. ex. freedom of speech allows citizens to criticize the government |
| globalization | increasing connection between countries through trade, politics, and culture it can promote economical growth but also in crease inequality. ex. global trade creates jobs but also move jobs overseas. |
| political culture | shared beliefs and attitudes about poilitics within a society. influences participation and system stability. ex. societies with active citizens have stronger democracies. |
| majoritarian system | electoral system where the candidate with majority votes wins. it creates a stable government but may ignore minority voices. ex. canadas first-pass-the-post system often gives full power to one party |
| constitution | is the fundumental law that defines government structure and limits power. it protects rights and ensures stability. ex. canadas charter of rights and protects freedoms such as speech and equality |
| fascism | authoritarian ideology focused on strong leadership, nationalism and control of society. ex. nazi germany eliminated political opposition and controlled media |