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nutrient
final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A food contains 15 grams of carbohydrate, 3 grams of protein, and 1 gram of fat. How many calories does this food contain? | 81 calories |
| Having a control group enables researchers to | compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group |
| The energy-yielding nutrients are: | protein, carbohydrate, and fats |
| Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving? | soy milk |
| Emma is making a recipe from ingredients that contain 30 g if protein, 20 g of fat, 200 g carbohydrate, 300 mg of calcium, 60 mg of vitamin C and 140 ml of water. How many kilocalories does the entire product of this recipe provide? | 1100 |
| Suzie wants to estimate the grams of carbohydrate in a sugar-sweetened soft drink that supplies 140 kcal per serving. The soft drink contains no fiber, protein, fat, or alcohol. To obtain this value, she should | divide the number of kcal per serving by 4 |
| ___________ chemical reactions in the cells of the body that change food into energy. | metabolism |
| Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does not provide any energy for the human body? | Vitamin C |
| Which nutrient is the medium for all bodily processes? | water |
| A serving of food supplies 25 g carbohydrate, 10 g protein, 10 g fat and 100 g water. Which of the following statements is true about a serving of the food? | carbohydrate provides the most food energy. |
| Which of the following groups of foods is not a major food group of MyPlate? | oils |
| Which of the following statements is a health claim that FDA allows on a food package? | "Healthful diets with adequate folate may reduce a woman's risk of having a child with a brain or spinal cord defect." |
| Which of the following resources is the current U.S. guide for planning nutritious daily menus? | MyPlate |
| Foods in a given food group in MyPlate are equivalent in their content of: | vitamins and minerals |
| In the United States, the _____ investigates complaints about false or misleading health claims that appear in food advertisements. | Federal Trade Commission |
| To establish a nutrient's RDA, nutrition scientists add _____ to its EAR. | a "margin of safety" amount |
| Which of the following foods are healthy and should be included in daily menus, according to recommendations of the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for American? | non-fat milk nuts dark green vegetables all of these are healthy choices |
| The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the | highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily. |
| A statement linking the nutritional profile of a food to a reduced risk of a particular disease is known as a: | health claim |
| Which of the following foods is the most energy dense per serving? | 4-ounce chocolate doughnut |
| The _____ helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme. | colon |
| After being absorbed, most lipids are formed into chylomicrons and enter | lacteals within the villi. |
| Sandy took antibiotics for 2 weeks for a throat infection. To avoid developing diarrhea as a result of the treatment, she should consider eating | yogurt with certain live bacterial cultures |
| Food is pushed through the esophagus by: | peristalsis |
| Bile functions as: | an emulsifier |
| Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach? | bile |
| Metabolism takes place in the: | liver |
| A primary function of the digestive system is | breakdown of food molecules into nutrients. |
| Nutrients are absorbed in the: | small intestine |
| Chyme is | semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach. |
| A hormone that lowers high levels of glucose in the blood is: | insulin |
| The three most important dietary monosaccharides for humans are | galactose, glucose and fructose |
| When glucose and galactose are bonded together, they form: | lactose |
| Glycogen is | the form of carbohydrate stored in liver and muscle tissue. |
| What happens to carbohydrates that are not digested (fiber) in the intestine? | they pass into the large intestine and are eliminated. |
| Which one of these ingredients should you watch for on a food label when you want to avoid added sugar? | honey |
| How many grams of carbohydrate would it take to equal 32 calories? | 4 |
| If a person uses up the body's reserve supply of glycogen and still does not eat, glucose (sugar) comes from the: | liver |
| What are the main sources of complex carbohydrates in a person's diet? | seeds, beans, and grains |
| Which of the following statements is true? | a diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation. |
| If a source of fat is from an animal, then it likely contains: | saturated fat and cholesterol. |
| Which of the following is "good" cholesterol? | HDL-cholesterol |
| Which fats are liquid at room temperature? | unsaturated fats |
| It seems everyone is talking about (dietary) fat. The best way to control fat in your diet is to: | use "balance, variety, and moderation." |
| A chylomicron is a type of | lipoprotein |
| Which of the following foods is a naturally rich source of omega-3 fatty acids? | tuna fish |
| Most lipids have _____ in their chemical structures. | fatty acids |
| Atherosclerosis can occur: | in the coronary arteries, causing poor to parts of the heart in the arteries of the neck, decreasing blood flow to the brain all of these are correct in the arteries of the brain, leading to stroke in the arteries of the legs, causing pai |
| A protein is said to be "complete" when: | all essential amino acids are present and in proper proportion. |
| Rachael is 26 years of age, healthy and pregnant. Based on this information, her body is in | positive nitrogen balance |
| A protein | has nitrogen in its chemical structure. |
| Which of the following statements is true? | the human body normally uses very little protein for energy. |
| Plant-based diets may not supply enough ____ to meet a child's needs. | protein |
| Which of the following chemical structures is NOT a component of an amino acid? | fatty acid group |
| Barbie is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat? | beans |
| The primary role of protein is: | to provide the building material for body tissue |
| Which nutrient(s) is/are most likely missing from a vegan diet? | vitamin B12, vitamin D, and iron |
| Bella is 24 years of age and weighs 156 pounds. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is about _____ grams. | 57 |
| The most effective way to lower cholesterol is to: | reduce saturated fat intake |
| Which of the following statements is true? | fat content in foods adds taste and contribute to satiety. |
| Pam is 6-weeks pregnant. Although Paige drank alcohol before she became pregnant, she refuses to drink any alcohol now, because she does not want to have a baby born with | fetal alcohol spectrum disorder |
| Which of the following is a system of enzymes in the liver that becomes more active as alcohol levels in the liver increase? | MEOS -microsomal ethanol oxidizing system |
| The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase is located in the | liver and stomach |
| Nearly all alcohol ingested is metabolized in the: | liver |
| Chronic alcohol abuse | increases fat deposits in the abdominal region |
| After her college graduation party, Jade's BAC was 0.16%. This level is _____ times the legal limit. | 2 |
| Which of the following is correct concerning alcohol's metabolism in a man and woman of the same height and weight? | the woman has a lower capacity for metabolizing alcohol than the man. |
| The first stage of alcoholic liver disease is | fatty liver |
| Alcohol metabolism is not influenced by a person's | level of caffeine consumption |
| Chronic alcohol abuse increases the risk of ____ cancer. | colon pancreatic stomach |
| The human body needs vitamin K to | form active blood clotting factors. |
| Which of the following practices may reduce your risk of cancer? | eating more fruits and vegetables. |
| _____ are fat-soluble vitamins. | vitamins K, E, and D |
| People who are unable to absorb fat are likely to develop a _________ deficiency. | vitamin A |
| Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin C? | green pepper |
| Vitamins: | are organic molecules. |
| _____ are water-soluble vitamins. | niacin, riboflavin and thiamin |
| Enriched grain products have specific amounts of ___________ added during processing. | thiamin |
| Vitamin _____ is the major fat-soluble antioxidant in cells. | E |
| The human body can absorb some of the _____ that is synthesized by intestinal bacteria. | vitamin K |
| Calcium absorption is aided by: | vitamin D |
| Vitamin C will increase the absorption of __________ when included in the same meal. | iron |
| Osmosis is the | passage of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| What happens when a person's calcium intake is low? | calcium is released from bones into the bloodstream to be used by the rest of the body. |
| The four basic functions of water in the human body include: transportation vehicle, temperature regulator, lubricant/shock absorber, and | chemical reactions |
| Which of the following statements is true? | a healthy person's average daily total water input usually equals his or her average total daily water output. |
| What body part uses iodine to maintain normal function? | thyroid |
| About _____ % of an average healthy young man's body weight is water. | 60 |
| Which of the following nutrients is a major mineral? | potassium |
| From which sources might people unintentionally consume excessive sodium? | processed and fast foods |
| Many sports organizations have banned the use of _____ by athletes. | anabolic steroids |
| Muscles store ____, the immediate source of glucose for contracting muscles. | glycogen |
| You are getting ready to run a half-marathon and you want your diet to provide an edge. Which of the following nutrients will do this? | carbohydrates |
| Which of the following activities is generally classified as vigorous? | aerobic dancing |
| Peter is a resistance athlete who weighs 91kg. According to the joint recommendations of an expert group that included the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, he should consume at least _____ g of protein daily. | 109 |
| Your roommate knows there are three components of fitness, but cannot remember which of the following is not a component of fitness. Can you help (which is not a component of fitness)? | lung volume |
| By performing exercise regularly, people can reduce their risk of | cardiovascular disease |
| Fitness enables the heart muscle, blood vessels, and lungs to work at maximum efficiency. What is this called? | cardiovascular endurance |
| _____ is the primary source of direct energy ("energy currency") for cells. | ATP |
| According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may improve the performance of sprinters and weightlifters? | creatine |
| Which of the following substances causes milk to be released from the breast? | oxytocin |
| Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they | can sit up with some back support. |
| Pregnant women should avoid all of the following foods except | high fiber foods |
| Kari is considering whether she should exclusively breastfeed or formula feed her new baby. To encourage Kari to breastfeed, you provide some factual information by telling her that | breastfeeding can help her lose the body fat she gained during pregnancy. |
| Pregnant women generally need to take a supplement that contains | folic acid |
| The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that most women breast-feed exclusively for the first _________ of infancy. | 6 months |
| Which of the following foods is a usually recommended as the first solid food for infants? | rice cereal |
| Pregnant women who develop gestational diabetes are more likely to give birth to ______ infants than pregnant women who do not have this condition. | high-birth-weight |
| Which of the following substances is a lipid that is necessary for the proper development of an infant's nervous system? | DHA |
| Which of the following statements describes a benefit of daily exercise during pregnancy? | it improves the quality of sleep it lessens minor aches and pains it helps relieve constipation |
| Which of the following foods is considered safe for young children | banana slices |
| Whole grapes and dried fruit should be avoided by toddlers and preschoolers because these foods | present choking hazards |
| In the United States, most | boys begin puberty when they are between 9 to 13 years of age. |
| Bernice is 91 years of age. Her _____ is likely to have a negative influence her nutritional status. | annual income |
| Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults, especially elderly women? | vitamin D |
| The National School Lunch Program is designed to meet nutrition standards based on the latest | Dietary Guidelines for Americans |
| Increased _____ is a physiological change associated with normal aging. | heartburn |
| The requirement of vitamin D increases with age because | the skin's ability to make it from sunlight decreases the intestines lose their ability to absorb it the kidneys lose their ability to convert it to the active form |
| Reduced _____ is a normal physiological change associated with aging. | secretion of intrinsic factor |
| Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to | skip breakfast. |
| In the United States, common sources of food-borne illness include all of the following except: | fungi |
| Which of the following foods is likely to be a source of Salmonella? | raw chicken |
| Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain | Clostridium botulinum spores. |
| When you travel to countries outside the United States, you can reduce your risk of "travelers diarrhea" by | avoiding water that has not been bottled and sealed. |
| Jack wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Jack and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he | wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables. |
| Food security has been identified as a problem in | developing nations developed nations underdeveloped nations |
| A situation in which there is a report of reduced quality, variety, or desirability in the diet with little or no indication of a reduction in food intake is an example of | low food security |
| Death resulting from nausea, severe vomiting, and diarrhea is primarily due to | dehydration |
| Food fortification can help alleviate dietary deficiencies of | micronutrients |
| The process of altering foods through genetic manipulation is called: | biotechnology |
| _____ is the primary function of adipose cells. | storing fat |
| About 50-70% of an individual's daily energy needs is determined by | the individual's basal metabolic rate |
| Bioelectrical impedance is based on the fact that: | fat is a poor conductor of electricity. |
| Body mass index is | based on the relationship between weight and risk of chronic disease. |
| A pound of body fat provides about _____ kcal. | 3500 |
| _________ fat deposits are under the abdominal muscles. | visceral |
| Michelle's BMI is 30.2. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range. | obese |
| Obesity is caused by which of the following factors? | multifactorial |
| People suffering from anorexia nervosa have a high risk of dying from | suicide starvation electrolyte imbalances |
| Which of the following statements correctly describes a factor that contributes to the growing obesity epidemic? | people consume too many ready-to-eat foods prepared outside the home |
Created by:
IGEMINI81