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Middle Ages
map,timeline,vocab, and facts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| when was early middle ages | 476-1000CE |
| when was high middle ages | 1000-1300CE |
| when was late middle ages | 1300-1500CE |
| when does the western Roman empire end | 476CE |
| when was the prophet of muhammed ilslam | 616CE |
| when was the battle of tours | 732CE |
| when was chargemelon crowned emperor | 800CE |
| when did William the conquorer win the battle of hastings | 1066CE |
| when did the first crusade begin | 1096-1099CE |
| when did the hundred years end | 1357CE |
| when was the black death | 1347-1351CE |
| when did the hundred years war end | 1453CE |
| what were the 3 seas | North,Baltic, and mediterranian |
| what were the 2 oceans | arctic and atlantic |
| what were the 2 peninsulas | Scandinavian and italian |
| what is a crusade | a long series of wars |
| what is medieval | referring to the middle ages |
| what is chivalry | the code of honorable behavior |
| what is parliament | the law making body that governs europe |
| what is excommunicate | to cast out from the church |
| what is saladin | muslim general |
| What is a pope | the head of a cotholic church |
| Who was Charlemagne | king of the franks |
| Who was Thomas Aquino | domicican philosopher |
| What was a Benedict | italian saint or monk |
| Who was king Richard the 1st | king of england who led christain soldiers in the 3rd crusade |
| What was the Magna Carta | a document that was signed in 1215 by king john |
| What was the hundred years war | a long conflict between england and france |
| What was the Black Death | a deadly disease plague |
| Who was William the conqueror | a powerful french noble |
| who was king john | a king that signed the magna carta |
| what is topography | physical features of its surface. |
| how long did the middle ages end | 500-1500 ce |
| what are lombards | settled in European river valleys. |
| In 486 | Frankish leader Clovis I defeated the Roman Army. |
| 530’s | the Franks controlled much of the land in Gaul and Germany. |
| united the Frankish lands under his rule. | 717 A.D. |
| His most important victory, Battle of Tours in | 732 |
| Charles Martel’s grandson, Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, became king of the Franks. | In 768 |
| built an empire in what is now France, Germany, and Italy. | 800 A.D. |
| How did Charlemagne use his power? | Charlemagne was a devout Christian. He spread Christianity. Expanded his territory (empire). |
| What effect did his feelings about education have? | It caused people to better educated. |
| Pope Leo III, crowned Charlemagne emperor. | In 800 |
| In 814 | his son Louis I took the throne. because chargemagne died |
| Christianity spread through much of | europe |
| Many chose a life of | religious study and prayer. |
| what did monks d o | focus on prayer and scripture |
| what do nuns do | devoted life to spiritual goals |
| First Christian monasteries were in Egypt in | 300s ad |
| Vows/Promises of | worship and to live within the communities for the rest of their lives |
| Each day divided into | periods for worship, work and study |
| Pagan? | The followers of ancient religions that worshiped many gods (polytheistic). Today, pagan is used to describe someone who doesn't go to synagogue, church, or mosque. |
| who was Patrick | a missionary from Ireland. Converted many to Christianity |
| who was pope Gregory | sent monks as missionaries to Britain |
| Catholic missionaries worked throughout Europe | 700s-800s |
| Church became a | powerful force |
| catholic teaching? | Live on the basis of Jesus’ teaching. Believed the way people lived would affect what happens to their soul after death. Concept of heaven and hell were central to medieval beliefs. Sacraments - sacred rites -Baptism and Communion |
| Church’s Power? | Church was highest authority and guardian of God’s truth. Could punish people by denying them the sacraments. Believed people who didn’t receive the sacraments would be condemned to hell. Controlled some land and wealth directly. |
| what is Christendom | Eventually most people of Europe were united under Catholic faith. Large community of Christians spread across the world. |
| 486 Frankish leader who defeated the last Roman army in Western Europe | Clovis I |
| how long did clovis last | 466-511 |
| 717 United the Frankish lands 732 Battle of Tours-lead Frankish warriors to defeat a Muslim army from Spain. | Charles Martel |
| how long did charles martel last | 715-741 |
| 768 became king of the Franks | Charlamagne |
| In 800 built an empire that stretched across what is now France, Germany, and Italy. | Charlamagne |
| 46 year reign – fighting to increase his power and territory. | Charlamagne |
| Reunited much of the original Western Roman empire. Appointed powerful nobles to rule local regions. Thought education could help unite his kingdom. Worked closely with Catholic Church to spread Christianity. | Charlamagne |
| how long did charlamagne last | 742-814 |
| Charlemagne helped protect him from his enemies. In 800, crowned Charlemagne emperor; establishing that the pope had the power. | pope leo the 3rd |
| how long did pope leo the 3rd last | 795-816 |
| In 814 took over the throne. His sons struggled among themselves for power. In 843 they agreed to the Treaty of Verdun- splitting Charlemagne’s empire into 3 parts. | Louis I |
| how long did louis the 1st last | 778-840 |
| Established a new monastic life. In 529, organized a monastary in central Italy | Benedict |
| how long did benedicts last | 480-543 |
| who was otto the great | German king Increased his power by making alliances with other German nobles. In 962, persuaded pope to crown him emperor. Created a stable empire. Worked closely with the Church |
| how long did otto the great last | 936-973 |
| Pope Gregory VII | Became pope in 1073 Believed the emperor should not have power over the Church. – Only the pope should chose the bishops. Issued a list of rules declaring supreme authority over the Church and secular (non-church) leaders. |
| how long did pope gregory vll last | 1054-1105 |
| Holy Roman Emperor in 1073. Ignored Pope Gregory’s rules and tried to have him removed as pope, resulting in him being excommunicated. Begged for 3 days for the pope to forgive him. The pope did. Later he forced the pope out of Rome. | Henry IV |
| how long did henry IV last | 1589-1610 |
| In 1162, appointed Thomas Becket to be archbishop of Canterbury who was he | King Henry II |
| how long did king henry II last | 1154-1189 |
| Took the throne in 1180. Acquired large land Created new officials to oversee justice. Gained more control over the French Church. who was this person | King Phillip II Augustus |
| how long did King Phillip II Augustus last | 1180-1223 |
| Christmas Day 1066, crowned king of England. who was this person He and his army fought their way across Hastings burning and looting. *Battle of Hastings wiped out many Anglo-Saxon noble families. | William the Conqueror |
| how long did William the Conqueror last | 1066-1087 |
| Philosopher who emphasized faith as the path to the truth. Argued that both faith and reason come from God. who was this person | Thomas Aquinas |
| how long did Thomas Aquinas last | 1225-1275 |
| King of England, became leader of the 3rd Crusade. Won important victories. Developed a courteous relationship with Saladin. who was this person | Lionheart” King Richard 1 |
| how long did Lionheart” King Richard 1 last | 1189-1199 |
| Muslim general of the 3rd Crusade fighting for the Holy Land Known for his noble character, he inspired respect, even from his enemies. who was this person | Saladin |
| how long did Saladin last | 1174-1193 |
| what is a vassal | the relationship between lords and vassals made up a big part of the political and social structure of the feudal system |
| what is a knight | Almost all nobles were knights |
| what were freemen | skilled workers who paid rent and could leave the manor whenever they wished. (They usually had a skill needed by others on the manor.) |
| what were serfs | workers bound to the land by contract with the nobles. (They had no freedom - they were the noble’s property.) They could not leave the manor. |
| what did kings and queens have complete control over | Feudal System. |
| what were lords and ladies | Leased land from the king- known as a manor |
| who was martin | a lord or lady in the manor |
| who was phillip martin | a lord or lady in the manor |
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