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heart anatomy

TermDefinition
pulmonary circulation begins in the right side of the heart and moves deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and then returns oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart
systemic circulation begins in the left side of the heart and moves oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and then returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart
aortic arch curved, upper part of the aorta that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body
pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. only artery that carries deoxygenated blood
pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. only vein that carries oxygenated blood
atria upper chambers of the heart
right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae
left atrium receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins
ventricles lower chambers of the heart
right ventricle pumps blood into lungs through the pulmonary artery
left ventricle pumps blood to the entire body through the aorta
valves allow blood to flow one way without any backflow
tricuspid valve moves blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle
pulmonary valve moves blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery
mitral (bicuspid) valve moves blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle
aortic valve moves blood from the left ventricle to the aorta
interatrial septum muscular wall dividing the left and right atria
interventricular septum muscular wall dividing the left and right ventricles
chordae tendinae tough, fibrous, cord-like tendons that anchor the atrioventricular valves to the papillary muscles. Also called "heart-strings"
superior vena cava returns blood to the right atrium from the upper body
inferior vena cava returns blood to the right atrium from the lower body
coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the myocardium (heart muscle)
right coronary artery (RCA) supplies right ventricle, SA node, AV node. Branches into the posterior (interventricular) descending artery, which divides to form the atrioventricular artery and the posterior septal artery
left coronary artery (LCA) branches to form the anterior (interventricular) descending branch, which continues to the anterior septal artery
stroke volume the amount of blood expelled from the left ventricle in a single heartbeat
ejection fraction the percentage of blood that is pumped out with each heartbeat (the percentage of blood expelled of the amount filling the ventricle)
systole the phase when the heart contracts and pumps blood out, Top number on blood pressure. Optimal is under 120, normal is 120-139
diastole the phase when the heart relaxes and fills with blood. Bottom number on blood pressure. Optimal is under 80, normal is 80-84
arrhythmia any abnormal heart rhythm
AV atrioventricular
BP blood pressure
BPM beats per minute
CO2 carbon dioxide
CRP C-reactive protein
CV cardiovascular
ITA internal thoracic artery
LA left atrium
LCA left coronary artery
LV left ventricle
MV mitral valve
NSR normal sinus rhythm
O2 oxygen
PA pulmonary artery
PV pulmonary vein
RA right atrium
RCA right coronary artery
RV right ventricle
SA sinoatrial
TV tricuspid valve
Created by: user-1999966
 

 



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