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unit 3 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| solar system | The sun and all of the planets and other bodies that travels around it. |
| heliocentric | sun centered |
| geocentric | Describes something that uses Earth as the reference point. |
| pararllax | An apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed different locations |
| gravity | A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses. |
| orbit | The path that a body follows as it travels around another body in space. |
| aphelion | In the orbit of a planet or other body in the solar system, the point that is fartherest from the sun. |
| perhelion | The point in the orbit of a planet at which the planet is closest to the sun. |
| centripetal force | The inward force required to keep a particale or an object moving in a circular path |
| solar nebula | A rotating cloud of gas and dust from which the sun and planets formed. |
| planetesimal | A small body from which a planet originated in the early stages of development. |
| terrestrial planet | One of the highly dense planets nearest to the sun; Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth. |
| astronomical unit | The average distance between Earth and sun; approximately 150 million kilometers symbol, Au. |
| gas giant | A planet that has a deep, massive atmosphere, such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune. |
| planetary ring | A disk of matter that encircles a planet and consists of numerous particales in orbit, ranging in size from dust grains up to objects tens of meters across. |
| dwarf planet | A celestial body that the sun, is round because of its own gravity, but has not cleared its orbital path. |
| kupier belt object | One of the hundreds or thousands of minor planet- sized objects that orbit the sun in flat belt beyond Neptune's orbit |
| comet | A small body that gives off gas and dust as it passes closes to the sun; a typical comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun and is made of dust and frozen gases. |
| Ooort cloud | A spherical region that surrounds the the solar system, that extends from the Kuiper Belt to almost halfway to the nearest star, and that contains billions of comets. |
| asteroid | A small, rocky objects that orbits the sun; most asteroids are located in a band between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. |
| meteroid | A relatively small, rocky body that travels through space. |
| meteor | A bright streak of light that results when a meteoroid burns up in Earth's atmosphere. |
| meteorite | A meteoroid that reaches Earth surface without burning up completely. |