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Earth & Space Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| rapid change | a change that happens quickly |
| slow change | a change that takes a long time to happen |
| process of formation | how something is formed |
| model | "a picture |
| sediment | broken down pieces of rock |
| weathering | "rock is BROKEN down by wind |
| erosion | "the MOVEMENT of weathered material by wind |
| deposition | "weathered & eroded sediment is DROPPED off by wind |
| compaction | "pressure SQUEEZES rock |
| cementation | process of BINDING and HARDENING sediments into hard rock |
| sedimentary rock | a rock that forms from compressed and cemented layers of sediment |
| organism | a living thing |
| decomposition | process by which plants & animals DECAY or rot |
| fossil fuels | fuels formed over millions of years from the remains of dead plants and animals |
| coal | "solid fossil fuel made from plants in a wet |
| oil | liquid fossil fuel made from the remains of ocean plants & animals |
| petroleum | another word for oil |
| natural gas | gaseous fossil fuel made from the remains of ocean plants & animals |
| landform | a physical structure on Earth that occurs naturally |
| canyon | a landform caused by a river weathering & eroding rock |
| delta | a landform caused by deposition at the mouth of a river |
| u-shaped valley | a landform caused by a glacier (ice) weathering & eroding rock |
| v-shaped valley | a landform caused by a river weathering & eroding rock |
| sand dune | a landform caused by wind eroding & depositing sand into a pile |
| glacier | a large chunk of ice |
| ice wedging | "a type of weathering in which water falls into a crack in a rock |
| moraine | rock and sediment left behind by a glacier |
| natural resource | materials found in nature that are used by living things |
| nonrenewable resource | resources that take millions of years to replace |
| renewable resource | resources that can be replaced in a short period of time |
| alternative energy | any form of energy that doesn't use up a natural resource |
| solar energy | energy from the sun |
| wind energy | energy produced from wind turbines spinning |
| hydroelectric energy | energy produced from water spinning a turbine inside a dam |
| biofuels | energy produced from burning dead plants |
| geothermal energy | energy produced from heat from inside Earth creating steam that spins a turbine |
| natural resource | materials found in nature that are used by living things |
| nonrenewable resource | resources that take millions of years to replace |
| renewable resources | resources that can be replaced in a short period of time |
| alternative energy | any form of energy that doesn't use up natural resources |
| solar energy | energy from the sun |
| wind energy | energy produced from wind turbines spinning |
| hydroelectric energy | energy produced from water spinning a turbine inside a dam |
| biofuels | energy produced from burning dead plants |
| geothermal energy | energy produced from heat from inside Earth creating steam that spins a turbine |
| weather | short-term changes to the atmosphere in an area |
| climate | average weather in an area over a long time (30 years) |
| water cycle | the change of water from one state to another as it moves between Earth's surface & the atmosphere |
| interact | act in such a way as to have an effect on another |
| sun | a star that provides Earth with solar & thermal energy and powers the water cycle |
| evaporation | liquid water heating & turning into water vapor |
| transpiration | evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant |
| condensation | water vapor cools into liquid to form a cloud |
| precipitation | "water that falls to Earth's surface as rain |
| runoff | "water that doesn't sink into the soil that eventually gathers in rivers |
| atmosphere | the air that surrounds the Earth |
| accumulation | when water runs off of higher ground and builds up in the ocean over time |
| groundwater | water that fills the cracks & spaces in underground soil & rock layers |
| rotation | the spinning of a planet on its axis |
| revolution | when one object travels AROUND another object in space |
| system | multiple parts working together |
| axis | imaginary line that the Earth rotates on |
| shadow | what appears when an object blocks light |
| 24 hours | the time it takes Earth to make 1 rotation |
| apparent movement | "the idea that the Sun moves across the sky |
| orbit | the path that one object follows as it moves around another object |
| satellite | an object that travels around another object in space |
| sunrise | East |
| sunset | West |
Created by:
Kuck