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plate movement
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| crust | Earth's outer layer , the coolest and least dense layer of earth. |
| mantle | the layer of earth beneath the crust |
| outer core | a layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core |
| inner core | a dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of earth |
| latitude | the distance north or south of the equator measured in degrees |
| longitude | the distance east or west of the prime meridian in green wich,england measured in degrees |
| oceanic ridge | a mountain like landform that develops when tectonic plates move apart or separate and new ocean lithosphere forms |
| sea-floor spreading | a process by which new sea-floor is formed from the magma rising from Earth's diverging oceanic plates |
| divergent boundary | location where two tectonic plates meet and are moving away fin each other |
| convergent boundary | location where two tectonic plates meet and are moving toward each other |
| transform boundary | location where two tectonic plates meet and slide past each other |
| subduction | the process by which one plate of the lithosphere sinks and slides under another |
| ocean trench | long , deep formation on the ocean floor that develops where two tectonic plates are moving toward each other and one is moving under the other |
| tectonic plate | a piece of Earth's crust that according to plate tectonics , is pushed by movement in the atmosphere |
| lithosphere | the cool, solid outer shell of earth. it consists of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle and is broken up into segments or plates |
| fracture | the breakage of a rock into two or more pieces |
| elasticity | the ability of rock to be stretched and the return to its original position once the stress has been removed |
| stress | the amount of force being applied to a rock or surface |
| strain | change in volume , size, or shape that results from stress |
| plate boundary | a place where pieces of the broken lithosphere meet |
| continental crust | crust that contains mostly land ranging from 15 to 70 kilometers |
| oceanic crust | crust that lies beneath the ocean ranging from 5 to 10 kilometers |
| friction | a force that opposes the motion of objects, which are in contact |
| rift valley | the valley formed by a diverging plate boundary |
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