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Medical Terminology
Prefixes, suffixes, and roots
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| AIDS | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| CAT Scan | Computerized Axial Tomography |
| LASER | Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| BP | Blood Pressure |
| CNS | Central Nervous System |
| ENT | Ear, Nose, and Throat |
| STAT | Immediately |
| Alzheimer's Disease | Named after Alois Alzheimer |
| Parkinson's Disease | Named after James Parkinson |
| Apgar Score | Named after Virginia Apgar |
| Crohn's Disease | Named after Burrill Crohn |
| Bell's Palsy | Named after Charles Bell |
| Anterior (Ventral) | Front of the body |
| Posterior (Dorsal) | Back of the body |
| Superior (Cranial) | Higher than another part |
| Inferior (Caudal) | Lower than another part |
| Medial | Toward the midline of the body |
| Mono- | Def. One Ex. Monocyte |
| Bi- | Def. Two Ex. Bilateral |
| Tri- | Def. Three Ex. Trisomy |
| Ab- | Def. Away Ex. Abduct |
| Ad- | Def. Toward Ex. Adrenal |
| Ecto- | Def. Outside Ex. Ectoderm |
| Endo- | Def. Inside Ex. Endocrine |
| Epi- | Def. Upon Ex. Epicardium |
| Anterior | Def. Front Ex. The tibia is located on the anterior side of the lower leg. |
| Posterior | Def. Back Ex. The vertebral column is posterior to the sternum. |
| Superior | Def. Above Ex. The heart is superior to the liver. |
| Inferior | Def. Below Ex. The knees are inferior to the hips. |
| Lateral | Def. Out to the side Ex. The ears are lateral to the nose. |
| Distal | Def. Farther away from the center Ex. The ankle is distal to the knee. |
| Proximal | Def. Closer in to the center Ex. The elbow is proximal to the wrist. |
| Ambi- | Def. Both Ex. Ambidextrous |
| Dys- | Def. Abnormal Ex. Dysfunction |
| Eu- | Def. Good Ex. Euthanasia |
| Homo- | Def. Same Ex. Homogeneous |
| Iso- | Def. Equal Ex. Isotonic |
| Mal- | Def. Bad Ex. Malignant |
| -algia | Def. Pain Ex. Myalgia |
| -emia | Def. Blood condition Ex. Leukemia |
| -itis | Def. Inflammation Ex. Carditis |
| -lysis | Def. Loosen, break down Ex. Hemolysis |
| -oid | Def. Resembling Ex. Keloid |
| -opathy | Def. Disease Ex. Myopathy |
| -pnea | Def. Respiration Ex. Apnea |
| -centesis | Def. Puncture Ex. Amniocentesis |
| -ectomy | Def. Removal Ex. Appendectomy |
| -ostomy | Def. Creating of an opening Ex. Colostomy |
| -otomy | Def. Incision Ex. Craniotomy |
| -orrhaphy | Def. Suture Ex. Herniorrhaphy |
| -opexy | Def. Surgical fixation Ex. Retinopexy |
| -oplasty | Def. Reconstruction Ex. Rhinoplasty |
| -otripsy | Def. Crushing Ex. Neurotripsy |
| Osteodynia | Def. Pain in the bone |
| Ankylosis | Def. Joint stiffness |
| Dyskinesia | Def. Inability to control movement |
| Bradykinesia | Def. Slow movement |
| Tibialagia | Def. Tibia pain |
| Encephalitis | Def. An acute inflammation of the brain parenchyma (functional tissue), causing it to swell and leading to severe, often life-threatening neurological symptoms |
| Macrocephaly | Def. Abnormally large head |
| Epidural | Def. A medical procedure involving the injection of anesthetics or steroids into the epidural space |
| Meningitis | Def. Inflammation of the meninges |
| Neuropathy | Def. Damage to or dysfunction of the peripheral nerves |
| Aural | Def. Relating to the ear or the sense of hearing |
| Vestibulitis | Def. The inflammation of a bodily vestibule |
| Vitrectomy | Def. Surgery used to treat problems of the eye's retina and vitreous |
| Conjunctivitis | Def. Pink eye |
| Hyperopia | Def. Farsightedness |
| Adenoma | Def. A benign tumor that grows in grandular tissue, such as organs or glands |
| Gonadogenesis | Def. The embryonic development and differentiation of the bipotential genital ridge into either functional ovaries or testes. |
| Pancreatitis | Def. Inflammation or swelling of the pancreas |
| Thyroidectomy | Def. Surgical removal of all or part of the butterfly-shaped thyroid gland located in the neck |
| Hypoglycemia | Def. Abnormally low level of glucose in the blood |
| Anticoagulant | Def. A medical substance that prevents or treats blood clots by extending the time it takes for blood to clot |
| Thrombosis | Def. The formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, which obstructs the normal flow of blood through the circulatory system |
| Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cells) | Def. The most abundant, non-nucleated, disk-shaped cells in human blood, produced in the bone marrow to transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues and remove carbon dioxide waste via hemoglobin |
| Phlebotomy | Def. Medical procedure of puncturing a vein to withdraw blood primarily for laboratory testing, diagnostic purposes, or blood donation |
| Venospasm | Def. Sudden, involuntary contraction or tightening of a vein, acting as a protective mechanism against irritation |
| Valvulitis | Def. Inflammation of a heart valve, typically the leaflets, which can result in valve thickening, stenosis, or regurgitation |
| Septoplasty | Def. Surgical, functional correction of a deviated nasal septum |
| Ventriculotomy | Def. A surgical incision into a ventricle, primarily referring to cardiac surgery on the heart's ventricles to treat defects |
| Aortolith | Def. A calcified deposit found within the wall of the aorta, typically indicating advanced atherosclerosis or severe vascular calcification |
| Atherosclerosis | Def. Buildup of plaque within artery walls, causing them to harden and narrow, restricting blood flow |
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