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Stack #4663061
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Crust | Earth's outer layer; the coolest and least dense layer of Earth. See also core, and mantle. |
| Mantle | The layer of Earth beneath the crust. It is about 2,900 km (1,800 mi) thick, and makes up about 83 percent of Earth's interior. See also core, and crust. |
| Outer core | A layer of molten iron and nickel that surrounds the inner core of Earth. |
| inner core | A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth |
| Latitude | the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes. |
| longitude | the measurement of distance in degrees, minutes, and seconds east or west of the Prime Meridian (0°) in Greenwich, England. |
| Oceanic ridge | a continuous, underwater mountain system formed by plate tectonics, typically at a divergent boundary. |
| Sea-floor spreading | the process where new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges, causing tectonic plates to slowly move apart. |
| divergent boundary | a tectonic plate boundary where two plates move apart, or spread away from each other. |
| convergent boundary | a location where two or more of Earth's tectonic plates collide or move toward each other |
| transform boundary | a place where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past one another |
| subduction | a geological process where one of Earth's tectonic plates sinks beneath another into the mantle at a convergent boundary. |
| Ocean trench | a long, narrow, and incredibly deep depression in the ocean floor, marking the deepest parts of the ocean. |
| tectonic plate | massive, irregularly shaped slabs of solid rock composed of Earth's lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) |
| lithosphere | the solid, rigid outer shell of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the topmost part of the upper mantle. |
| fracture | a medical term for a broken bone |
| elasticity | the ability of an object or material to return to its original shape and size after being stretched, compressed, or deformed |
| stress | the body and mind's automatic reaction to any demand, challenge, or threat. |
| strain | a physical injury caused by overstretching or tearing muscles or tendons |
| plate boundary | the edges where tectonic plates—massive, moving pieces of Earth's outer shell—meet and interact |
| continental crust | the thick, low-density outer layer of Earth that makes up the continents and shallow continental shelves |
| oceanic crust | the thin, dense, and young outer layer of Earth’s crust that lies beneath the ocean, forming the seafloor. |
| friction | a force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of motion between two surfaces in contact |
| rift valley | a long, narrow, lowland depression created when Earth's tectonic plates move apart (divergent boundary), causing the crust to fracture and sink. |