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Anatomy
Lymphatic Vessels
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the two parts of the lymphatic system. | Lymphatic vessels and lymphoid organs and tissues. |
| Define edema. | Edema is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues, causing swelling. |
| What is the function of lymphatic vessels? | Lymphatic vessels transport lymph from tissues back to the bloodstream and help remove waste, pathogens, and excess fluid. |
| What is lymph? | Lymph is a clear fluid derived from interstitial fluid that contains white blood cells, especially lymphocytes. |
| How can cancer cells enter the lymph vessels and what problems does this cause? | Cancer cells can enter lymphatic vessels from a tumor and spread through the system, causing metastasis. |
| Describe the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct. | The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right upper body into the right subclavian vein, while the thoracic duct drains lymph from the rest of the body into the left subclavian vein. |
| How is lymph moved through the body? | Lymph is moved by skeletal muscle contractions, breathing movements, and one-way valves that prevent backflow. |
| What is the function of a lymph node? | A lymph node filters lymph and contains immune cells that destroy pathogens. |
| Where are lymph nodes found in the body? | Lymph nodes are found along lymphatic vessels, especially in the neck, armpits (axillary), and groin (inguinal) regions. |
| What are macrophages and lymphocytes? | Macrophages are phagocytic cells that engulf and destroy pathogens, and lymphocytes are white blood cells such as B cells and T cells that help in immune responses. |
| What causes "swollen glands" when you're sick? | Swollen glands are enlarged lymph nodes caused by immune cell buildup and increased activity fighting infection. |
| Describe the location and function of the spleen. | The spleen is located in the upper left abdomen and filters blood, removes old red blood cells, and helps fight infection. |
| Describe the location and function of the thymus gland. | The thymus gland is located behind the sternum and is the site where T lymphocytes mature. |
| Describe the location and function of the tonsils. | The tonsils are located at the back of the throat and trap and destroy pathogens entering through the mouth and nose. |
| Describe the location and function of Peyer's patches. | Peyer's patches are located in the small intestine (ileum) and monitor intestinal bacteria and prevent the growth of pathogens. |