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Mening/Ventri/CSF
Chapter 13 - A & P Lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The brain is not just soft tissue—it is carefully protected and constantly supported by _____ _______. | flulid systems |
| Meninges | protective connective tissue coverings |
| Ventricles | internal fluid-filled chambers |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | circulating fluid that cushions and nourishes |
| 3 layers of meninges (superficial to deep): | Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater |
| Dura Mater | Outermost and strongest layer Dense, fibrous connective tissue |
| Arachnoid Mater | Thin, delicate, web-like layer |
| Pia Mater | innermost layer Tightly adheres to the brain surface, following every contour |
| The dura mater has two layers: | Periosteal layer (outer, attached to skull) Meningeal layer (inner) |
| dural folds: | These inward folds anchor and compartmentalize the brain |
| types of dural folds: | Falx cerebri, Tentorium cerebelli, Falx cerebelli |
| Falx cerebri | separates the two cerebral hemispheres |
| Tentorium cerebelli | separates cerebrum from cerebellum |
| Falx cerebelli | separates the cerebellar hemispheres |
| Where the two dura layers separate, _____ ______ form. | venous sinuses |
| function of the venous sinuses | Drain venous blood Drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 👉 These act as the brain’s venous drainage system. |
| what is the difference of arachnoid mater & pia mater? | pia follows every ridge and groove, arachnoid do not |
| orgin of Ventricles | Derived from the embryonic neural tube |
| what lines ventricles? | ependymal cells |
| The Four Ventricles: | Lateral Ventricles, Third Ventricle, Fourth Ventricle |
| Lateral Ventricles | Located in each cerebral hemisphere Separated by the septum pellucidum Connected to the third ventricle via: → interventricular foramina |
| Third Ventricle | Located in the diencephalon Connects to the fourth ventricle via: → cerebral aqueduct |
| Fourth Ventricle | Located near the pons and medulla oblongata Connects to: Subarachnoid space (via apertures) Central canal of spinal cord |
| what is the difference in blood and CSF? | CSF has a very low protein content compared to blood |
| functions of CSF: | Cushioning → protects brain from trauma Buoyancy → reduces effective brain weight Nutrient delivery → supports neurons Waste removal 👉 It acts as a shock absorber and transport medium. |
| Flow of CSF | Lateral ventricles → Interventricular foramina → Third ventricle → Cerebral aqueduct → Fourth ventricle → Apertures (lateral & median) → Subarachnoid space → Arachnoid granulations → Dural venous sinuses Finally, it enters the venous bloodstream |
| CSF is produced by specialized structures called the _____ _____ | choroid plexuses |
| structure of choroid plexuses: | - Made of: Ependymal cells Capillaries Support tissue - Formed by invagination of vascular pia mater into ventricles |
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