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patho
day1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| arthritis | painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints. |
| pain medication | a specialized field of medicine focused on the prevention, evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients in pain, ranging from acute injuries to chronic, long-term conditions |
| Acetaminophen | Example: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Function: Reduces pain + fever (NOT inflammation) Used for: Headaches, mild pain, fever Watch: Liver toxicity (max daily dose!) |
| NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) | Examples: Ibuprofen (Advil) Naproxen (Aleve) Ketorolac (Toradol) Function: Pain + inflammation + fever Used for: Muscle pain, arthritis, injury Watch: GI bleeding, kidney damage |
| 2. Opioids (Moderate–Severe Pain) | Examples: Morphine Oxycodone Hydrocodone Fentanyl Function: Bind to opioid receptors → block pain perception Used for: Post-op pain, severe injury, cancer pain Watch: Respiratory depression 🚨 Sedation Addiction |
| Opioid Antidote (VERY IMPORTANT) | Example: Naloxone (Narcan) Function: Reverses opioid overdose Nursing must-know emergency drug |
| Adjuvant (Co-Analgesics) – For Specific Pain Types | Nerve Pain (Neuropathic Pain) xamples: Gabapentin Pregabalin Function: Calm nerve signals Used for: Diabetic neuropathy, nerve pain |
| assistive devices | ools, equipment, or products—ranging from low-tech (magnifiers) to high-tech (wheelchairs, software)—used to maintain or improve the functional capabilities, independence, and safety of people with disabilities or aging-related limitations |
| infarction | the death of tissue (necrosis) resulting from a sudden, severe reduction or blockage of blood flow (ischemia) to that area, usually caused by a clot (thrombus or embolus). |
| necrosis | the death of most or all of the cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, or failure of the blood supply. |
| ischemia | an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles. |
| edema | swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues, |
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | a medical emergency occurring when blood flow to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients |
| involuntary muscle | muscles that contract automatically without conscious thought or control, regulated by the autonomic nervous system. |
| skeletal muscle | a muscle which is connected to the skeleton to form part of the mechanical system which moves the limbs and other parts of the body. |
| smooth muscle | muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils are not highly ordered, occurring in the gut and other internal organs and not under voluntary control. |
| cardiac muscle | another term for myocardium. |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | a progressive, irreversible lung disease that causes obstructed airflow, making it difficult to breathe |
| oxygen saturation |
Created by:
ls99510
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