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BDK
| Generic | Brand | category | indication | Side effects | Black box/ CI/ notes | Schedule |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| brimonidine (ophthalmic) | alphagan P; lumify | alpha 2 agonist | elevated IOP, ocular redness | ocular hypersensitivity, drowsiness, allergic conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular pruritus | CI with MAOI | Lumify OTC |
| timolol (ophthalmic) | Timoptic, Timoptic XE, Istalol | non-selective beta blocker | elevated IOP | blurred vision, ocular stinging, burning | - | - |
| bimatoprost (ophthalmic) | lumigan, latisse | prostaglandin analog | elevated IOP, eyelash hypotrichosis | eyelash growth, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular pruritus, iris color change, periocular hyperpigmentation, blurred vision | - | - |
| latanoprost (ophthalmic) | xalatan, xelopros, iyuzeh | prostaglandin analog | eyelash growth, conjunctival hyperemia, ocular pruritus, iris color change, periocular hyperpigmentation, blurred vision | Elevated IOP | - | - |
| cyclosporin (ophthalmic) | restasis | calcineurin inhibitor | keratoconjunctivitis sicca | ocular burning, stinging, pruritus, foreign body sensation, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| permethrin (topical) | nix, elimite | pediculocide | lice, scabies | itching, burning, redness, swelling of scalp | - | Nix OTC |
| adapalene (topical) | differin | retinoic acid derivative | acne | xeroderma, skin exfoliation, erythema, staining, burning, pruritus | - | OTC |
| chlorhexidine ( topical, PO) | hibiclens, peridex | antiseptic | skin cleanser, periodontitis, gingivitis | dysgeusia, increased tartar formation, mouth discoloration, mouth irritation | - | - |
| clobetasol (topical) | template, clobex | corticosteroid | psoriasis, atopic dermatitis | burning, dryness, hypopigmentation, secondary infection | do not use >2 weeks -> adrenal suppression | - |
| guaifenesin (PO) | Mucinex, robitussin, robafen | expectorant | cough | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, dizziness, headache | - | OTC |
| dextromethorphan (PO) | delsym | antitussive | cough | nausea, constipation, drowsiness, dizziness | CI within 14 days of MAOI | OTC |
| benzonatate (PO) | Tessalon perles | antitussive | cough | sedation, nasal congestion, chills, chest numbness, bronchspasms | do not break capsule -> choking | - |
| pseudoephedrine (PO) | sudafed | alpha 1 agonist | nasal congestion | increased blood pressure, tachycardia, palpitations, insomnia, restlessness | sold behind the counter, do NOT use in first trimester pregnancy | OTC |
| fluticasone (intranasal) | flonase | corticosteroid | allergic rhinitis | nasal dryness, epistaxis, burning, headache | - | OTC |
| triamcinolone (intranasal) | nasacort | corticosteroid | allergic rhinitis | nasal dryness, epistaxis, burning, headache | - | OTC |
| aselastine (intranasal) | astepro | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic rhinitis | Headache, nasal dryness, epistaxis, bitter taste, drowsiness | - | OTC |
| diphenhydramine (PO,IV) | Benadryl | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic rhinitis, allergic reaction, insomnia | drowsiness, constipation, xerostomia, urinary retention, cognitive impairment | do NOT use in children <6 years old | PO: OTC |
| hydroxyzine (PO,IV) | atarax, vistaril | Histamine 1 blocker | pruritus, nausea, anxiety | QTC prolongation, blurred vision, xerostomia, somnolence, dizziness | - | - |
| cetirizine (PO) | zyrtec | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic rhinitis | drowsiness, dizziness, headache | - | OTC |
| loratadine (PO) | claritin | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic rhinitis | drowsiness, dizziness, headache | - | OTC |
| fexofenadine (PO) | allegra | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic rhinitis | drowsiness, dizziness, headache | - | OTC |
| levocetirizine (PO) | Xyzal | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic rhinitis | diarrhea, drowsiness, headache | - | OTC |
| olopatadine (ophthalmic) | pataday, patanol | Histamine 1 blocker | allergic conjunctivitis | ocular burning, discomfort, dryness | - | OTC |
| promethazine and codeine (PO) | Phenergan with Codeine | histamine 1 blocker and opioid analgesic | cough | respiratory depression (dose dependent), somnolence, xerostomia, blurred vision, dizziness, constipation | BOX WARNING- concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazapines or other CNS depressants (alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death NOT for patients <18 years old | CS-V |
| codeine and guaifenesin (PO) | Robitussin AC, Cheratussin AC | opioid analgesic and expectorant | cough | respiratory depression (dose dependent), somnolence, dizziness, constipation | NOT for patients <18 years old | CS-V |
| Finasteride (PO) | proscar, propecia | 5 alpha reductase inhibitor | BPH, male pattern baldness | sexual dysfunction | women of child bearing age should not touch | - |
| doxazosin (PO) | Cardura, cardura xl | alpha 1 blocker | BPH, HTN | orthostatic hypotension, intraoperative floppy iris syndrome, dizziness | - | - |
| tamsulosin (PO) | flomax | alpha 1a blocker | BPH | intraoperative floppy iris syndrome, ejaculation failure, dizziness | take 30 minutes before same meal daily | - |
| solifenacin (PO) | vesicare | anticholinergic | overactive bladder | xerostomia, constipation | CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma | - |
| oxybutynin (PO, patch) | PO: Ditropan XL, Patch: Oxytrol | anticholinergic, urinary antispasmodic | overactive bladder | xerostomia, constipation, dizziness, drowsiness | CI in uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma | patch :OTC |
| Mirabegron (PO) | mybetriq | beta 3 agonist | overactive bladder | hypertension | - | - |
| phenazopyridine (PO) | pyridium, azo urinary pain relief | urinary analgesic | symptomatic relief of dysuria | stomach cramps, headache, dizziness | turns bodily fluids red/orange | OTC |
| magnesium sulfate (IV,IM) | - | electrolyte supplement | hypomagnesemia, pre-eclampsia | cadiac arrest with rapid undiluted IV infusion, flushing, hypotension | dilute before infusion | - |
| potassium chloride (PO,IV) | PO: K-Tab, Klor-Con, Micro-K | electrolyte supplement | hypokalemia | PO: hyperkalemia, abdominal discomfort/pain, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting IV: hyperkalemia, cardiac arrest with rapid undiluted infusion | dilute before infusion; do NOT administer IV push; vesicant, wax coating may appear in stool, take with meals and full glass of water | - |
| albumin 5% or 25% (IV) | albutein, albuRx | colloid | hypovolemia, SBP, paracentesis | edema | - | - |
| 0.9% sodium chloride (IV) | normal saline | crystalloid | hypovolemia | hypervolemia, NAGMA | - | - |
| lactated ringers (IV) | LR | crystalloid | hypovolemia | hypervolemia | - | - |
| 5% dextrose in water (IV) | D5W | crystalloid | carrier fluid, hypoglycemia, hypernatremia | hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, hypervolemia | - | - |
| calcium acetate (PO) | calphrom, phoslo | phosphate binder | hyperphosphotemia | hypercalcemia, nausea, vomiting, constipation | dose of 667mg contains 169mg elemental calcium | Calphron: OTC |
| Benazepril (PO) | lotensin | ACE inhibitor | HTN, HF, CAD | cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING: CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| enalapril (PO) | vasotec | ACE inhibitor | HTN, HF, CAD | cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING: CL pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| lisinopril (PO) | prinivil, zestril | ACE inhibitor | HTN, HF, CAD | cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING : CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| ramipril (PO) | altace | ACE inhibitor | HTN, HF, CAD | cough, hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING: CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| irbesartan (PO) | avapro | ARB | HTN, HF, CAD | hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING: CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| losartan (PO) | cozaar | ARB | HTN, HF, CAD | hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING: CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| olmensartan (PO) | benicar | ARB | HTN, HF, CAD | hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING : CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| Valsartan (PO) | diovan | ARB | HTN, HF, CAD | hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING : CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity | - |
| valsartan and sacubitril (PO) | entresto | ARNI | HF | hyperkalemia, angioedema, hypotension | BOX WARNING : CI pregnancy, fetal toxicity Do NOT use within 36 hours of ACE | - |
| amlodipine (PO) | norvasc | dihydropyridine CCB | HTN, CAD | peripheral edema, hypotension | - | - |
| nifedipine (PO) | procardia XL, adalat CC | dihydropyridine CCB | HTN, CAD | peripheral edema, hypotension | - | - |
| nicardipine (PO) | cardene | dihydropyridine CCB | hypertensive crisis | flushing, headache, peripheral edema, hypotension | - | - |
| Diltiazem (PO,IV) | cartia xt, cardizem, tiazac | non-dihydropyridine CCB | AF ( rate control), HTN, CAD | bradycardia, constipation, peripheral edema, hyoptension | - | - |
| verapamil (PO) | calan SR, verelan | non-dihydropyridine CCB | AF ( rate control), HTN, CAD | bradycardia, constipation, peripheral edema, hypotension | - | - |
| hydrochlorothiazide (PO) | - | thiazide diuretic | HTN | hypokalemia, hyponatremia, photosensitivity, hypotension | - | - |
| chorthalidone (PO) | thalitone | thiazide related diuretic | HTN | hypokalemia, hyponatremia, photosensitivity, hypovtension | - | - |
| amlodipine and benazepril (PO) | lotrel | ACE and dihydropyridine CCB | ||||
| lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide (PO) | zestoretic | ACE and HCT | ||||
| losartan and hydrochlorothiazide (PO) | hyzaar | ARB and HCT | ||||
| olmesartan and hydrochlorothiazide (PO) | benicar- HCT | ARB and HCT | ||||
| valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide (PO) | diovan-HCT | ARB and HCT | ||||
| Spirinolactone (PO) | aldactone | MRA | HTN, HF, ascites | gynecomastia, hyperkalemia, hypotension | - | - |
| furosemide (PO) | lasix | loop diuretic | volume overload | hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypotension | BOX WARNING: fluid and electrolyte loss | - |
| torsemide (PO) | soaanz | loop diuretic | volume overload | hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypotension | - | - |
| atenolol (PO) | tenormin | beta 1 selective beta blocker | AF (rate control), CAD, HTN | bradycardia, hypotension | BOX WARNING: avoid abrupt discontinuation Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| metoprolol tartrate (PO,IV) | lopressor | beta 1 selective beta blocker | AF (rate control), CAD, HTN | bradycardia, hypotension | BOX WARNING : avoid abrupt discontinuation Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| Metoprolol succinate (PO) | Toprol-XL | beta 1 selective beta blocker | HF, AF ( rate control), CAD, HTN | bradycardia, hypotension | masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| Nebivolol (PO) | bystolic | beta 1 selective beta blocker | HTN | bradycardia, hypotension | masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| esmolol (IV) | brevibloc | beta 1 selective beta blocker | HTN, AF (rate control), hypertensive emergency | bradycardia, hypotension | CI with pulmonary hypertension Masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| carvedolol (PO) | coreg | Non-selective beta blocker and alpha 1 blocker | HF, AF ( rate control), CAD, HTN | bradycardia, hypotension | masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| labetalol (PO,IV) | trandate | Non-selective beta blocker and alpha 1 blocker | PO: HTN IV: hypertensive crisis | bradycardia, hypotension | masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| propranolol (PO) | inderal LA/XL | non-selective beta blocker | HTN, CAD, migraine prophylaxis | bradycardia, hypotension | masks symptoms of hypoglycemia | - |
| clonidine (PO, transdermal) | catapres | alpha 2 agonist | HTN, ADHD | xerostomia, drowsiness, hypotension, contact dermatitis ( transdermal) | BOX WARNING: avoid epidural use Do not discontinue abruptly; taper to reduce rebound HTN | - |
| hydralazine (PO,IV) | - | direct arterial vasodilator | HTN | hypotension, drug induced lupus syndrome | CI in CAD | - |
| epinephrine (IV,IM,SQ) | Adrenalin, epipen | beta 1, beta 2, and alpha 1 agonist | advanced cardiac life support, shock, anaphylaxis, bradycardia | tachyarrhythmias, peripheral ischemia, hyperglycemia | - | - |
| norepinephrine (IV) | levophed | alpha 1 agonist (predominant), beta 1 and beta 2 agonist | shock | tachyarrhythmias, peripheral ischemia, | BOX WARNING: extravasation ( central line preferred) | - |
| Dabigatran (PO) | pradaxa | anticoagulant, direct thrombin inhibitor | AF(stroke prevention), VTE | bleeding, dyspepsia | BOX WARNING: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidermal or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture Swallow whole; dispense and store in original packaging; discard 4 months after opening | - |
| apixaban (PO) | eliquis | Anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor | AF ( stroke prevention), VTE | bleeding | BOX WARNING: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidermal or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture | - |
| rivaroxaban (PO) | Xarelto | anticoagulant, factor Xa inhibitor | AF ( stroke prevention), VTE, PAD | bleeding | BOX WARNING: premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; increased risk of epidermal or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture | - |
| warfarin (PO) | Coumadin, jantoven | anticoagulant, vitamin K antagonist | AF ( stroke prevention), VTE | bleeding, skin necrosis | BOX WARNING: bleeding risk Narrow therapeutic index; dose dependent tablet color, consistent vitamin K intake; many DDI’s | - |
| Enoxaparin (SQ) | lovenox | anticoagulant, low molecular weight heparin | ACS, VTE | bleeding, HIT | BOX WARINING: increase risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture Do NOT expel air bubbles from syringe | - |
| heparin (IV, SQ) | - | anticoagulant | ACS, VTE | bleeding, HIT, hyperkalemia (chronic) | - | - |
| clopidogrel (PO) | plavix | antiplatelet | CAD, stroke | bleeding | BOX WARNING: diminished effectiveness in poor metabolizers | - |
| Ticagrelor (PO) | brilinta | antiplatelet | ACS | bleeding, dyspnea | BOX WARNING: singnificant or fatal bleeding; do NOT exceed aspirin >100mg -> reduce effectiveness | - |
| aspirin (PO) | Bayer, bufferin, Ecotrin | anitplatelet | ACS, stable angina, pain, stroke | dyspepsia, heartburn, bleeding | CI in NSAID/salicylate allergy, children or teenagers with viral infections (cause Reye’s syndrome), tinnitus ( overdose) | OTC |
| nitroglycerin (SL) | nitrostat | vasodialator | ACS, stable angina | headache, flushing, syncope, dizziness | do NOT use with PDE-5 inhibitors; tachyphylaxis, can aggravate angina from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | - |
| alteplase (intracatheter, IV) | intracatheter: cathflo, activase, IV: activase | fibrinolytic | intracatheter: catheter clearance IV: STEMI, acute ischemic stroke, PE | bleeding | CI in patients with severe uncontrolled HTN | - |
| amiodarone (PO,IV) | pacerone, nexterone | antiarrhythmic | AF ( rhythm control), ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia | hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, epithelial keratopathy, photosensitivity | BOX WARNING: intended ONLY for life threatening arrhythmias; pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity, proarrhythmic Many DDI’s | - |
| ezetimibe (PO) | zetia | cholesterol absorption inhibitor | dyslipidemia | myalgias, diarrhea | - | - |
| fenofibrate (PO) | tricor, trilipix | fibric acid derivative | hypertriglyceridemia | dyspepsia, myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis, elevated hepatic transaminases | - | - |
| Gemfibrozil (PO) | lopid | fibric acid derivative | hypertriglyceridemia | dyspepsia, myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis, elevated hepatic transaminases | - | - |
| Atorvastatin (PO) | Lipitor | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor | dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke | myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis | avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding | - |
| lovastatin (PO) | altoprev | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor | dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke | myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis | avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding | - |
| pravastatin (PO) | Pravachol | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor | dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke | myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis | avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding | - |
| rosuvastatin (PO) | crestor | HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor | dyslipidema, CAD, stroke | myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis | avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding | - |
| simvastatin (PO) | zocor | HMG0CoA reductase inhibitor | dyslipidemia, CAD, stroke | myopathy/ rhabdomyolysis | avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding | - |
| omega 3 ethyl esters (PO) | lovaza | omega 3 fatty acids | hypertriglyceridemia | dyspepsia, eructation, fishy aftertaste | can prolong bleeding time with medications that increase bleeding risk; caution in fish/shellfish allergy | generic: OTC |
| icosapent ethyl (PO) | vascepa | omega 3 fatty acids | hypertriglyceridemia | eructation, arthralgia | Can prolong bleeding time with medications that increase bleeding risk; caution in fish/shellfish allergy | generic: OTC |
| Budesonide (INH) | pulmicort | inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) | asthma, COPD | oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat | rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent candida infection | - |
| fluticasone proprionate (INH) | Flovent, arnuity | inhaled corticosteriod (ICS) | asthma, COPD | Oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat | rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent candida infection | - |
| Fluticasone and salmeterol (INH) | adviser, wixela | ICS and LABA | asthma, COPD | oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat, nervousness, tremor, tachycardia, palpitations, hyperglycemia, decreased potassium | rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent candida infection | - |
| budesonide and formoterol (INH) | symbicort, Breyna | ICS and LABA | asthma, COPD | oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat, nervousness, tremor, tachycardia, palpitations, hyperglycemia, decreased potassium | rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent candida infection | - |
| mometasone and formoterol (INH) | dulera | ICS and LABA | asthma, COPD | oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat, nervousness, tremor, tachycardia, palpitations, hyperglycemia, decreased potassium | rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent candida infection | - |
| umeclidinium and vilanterol and fluticasone (INH) | trelegy ellipta | LAMA and LABA and ICS | asthma, COPD | xerostomia, nervousness, tremor, tachycardia, palpitations, hyperglycemia, decreased potassium, oral candidiasis, hoarseness, sore throat | rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent oral candidiasis | - |
| tiotropium (INH) | Spiriva | long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) | asthma, COPD | xerostomia | - | - |
| albuterol (INH) | proventil, ventolin, proAir | short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA) | asthma, COPD | tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement, decreased potassium | - | - |
| montelukast (PO) | singular | leukotriene receptor antagonist | allergic rhinitis, asthma | headache | BOX WARNING: risk of neuropsychiatric effects ( serious behavior and mood related changes, suicidal thoughts and actions) | - |
| varenicline (PO) | chantix | partial nicotine agonist | smoking cessation | nausea, vomiting, headache, abnormal dreams, insomnia, irritability | - | - |
| Penicillin V (PO) Penicillin G (IV) | - | beta-lactam antibiotic (natural penicillin) | pharyngitis, SSTI, syphilis (IV/IM) ACTIVITY AGAINST: streptococcus pyogenes, treponema pallidum (syphilis) | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| amoxicillin (PO) | - | beta-lactam antibiotic (aminopenicillin) | otitis media, pharyngitis ACTIVITY AGAINST: streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes | Diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| amoxicillin and clavulanate (PO) | augmentin | beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor | otitis media, bacterial sinusitis ACTIVITY AGAINST: MSSA, Streptococcus pneumoniae, anaerobes, enterobacteriacae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| ampicillin and sulbactam (IV) | unasyn | beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor | DFI, IAI ACTIVITY AGAINST: MSSA, streptococcus pneumoniae, anaerobes, enterobacteriacae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| piperacillin and tazobactam (IV) | zosyn | beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor | HAP, VAP, DFI, IAI ACTIVITY AGAINST: pseudomonas aeruginosa, anaerobes | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| cephalexin (PO) | keflex | beta-lactam antibiotic (first generation cephalosporin) | SSTI ACTIVITY AGAINST: MSSA, streptococcus pyogenes | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| cefazolin (IV) | ancef | beta-lactam antibiotic (first generation cephalosporin) | antimocrobial prophylaxis in surgery, CRBSI, SSTI ACTIVITY AGAINST: MSSA, streptococcus pyogenes | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| cefuroxime (IV,IM) | IV: zinacef PO: ceftin | beta-lactam antibiotic (second generation cephalosporin) | CAP, otitis media ACTIVITY AGAINST: streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| cefdinir (PO) | omnicef | beta-lactam antibiotic (third generation cephalosporin) | otitis media, bacterial sinusitis ACTIVITY AGAINST: streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| ceftriaxone (IV,IM) | rocephin | beta-lactam antibiotic (third generation cephalosporin) | meningitis, CAP, pyelonephritis ACTIVITY AGAINST: streptococcus pneumoniae, enterobacteriaceae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| cefepime (IV) | maxipime | beta-lactam antibiotic (fourth generation cephalosporin) | meningitis, VAP, HAP, pyelonephritis ACTIVITY AGAINST: pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobaceriaceae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity, seizures or encephalopathy with excessive doses | - | - |
| Meropenem (IV) | merrem | carbapenem | meningitis, HAP, DFI, IAI ACTIVITY AGAINST: pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL-producing enterobacteriaceae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity, seizures with excessive doses | - | - |
| ertepenem (IV) | invanz | carbapenem | meningitis, HAP, DFI, IAI ACTIVITY AGAINST: ESBL- producing enterobacteriaceae | diarrhea, hypersensitivity, seizures with excessive doses | - | - |
| ciprofloxacin (PO,IV) | cipro | fluoroquinolone | pyelonephritis, HAP, VAP ACTIVITY AGAINST: pseudomonas aeruginosa, atypical, enterobacteriaceae | QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity | BOX WARNING: tendinitis and tendon rupture , peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, exacerbates myasthenia gravis Take 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing cations (dairy, vitamins, mineral supplements); increased risk aortic dissection | - |
| levofloxacin (PO, IV) | levaquin | fluoroquinolone | CAP, HAP, VAP, pyelonephritis ACTIVITY AGAINST : streptococcus pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacteriaceae, atypicals | QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity | BOX WARNING: tendinitis and tendon rupture , peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, exacerbates myasthenia gravis Take 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing cations (dairy, vitamins, mineral supplements); increased risk aortic dissection | - |
| moxifloxacin (ophthalmic, PO,IV) | ophthalmic: vigamox IV,PO: avelox | fluoroquinolone | ophthalmic: bacterial conjunctivitis PO,IV: CAP ACTIVITY AGAINST : streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, tuberculosis | QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, increased hepatic transaminases, photosensitivity | BOX WARNING: tendinitis and tendon rupture , peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, exacerbates myasthenia gravis Take 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing cations (dairy, vitamins, mineral supplements); increased risk aortic dissection | - |
| azithromycin (PO,IV) | Z-Pak, Zmax, Zithromax | macrolide | CAP ACTIVITY AGAINST: chlamydia trachomatis, atypicals | diarrhea, QTc prolongation | - | - |
| fidaxomicin (PO) | dificid | macrolide | CDI ACTIVITY AGAINST: clostridiodes difficile | nausea | Not for systemic infections | - |
| doxycycline (PO,IV) | vibramycin | tetracycline | SSTI, CAP, tick borne diseases ACTIVITY AGAINST: MRSA, atypicals | esophagitis, photosensitivity | AVOID in children <8, pregnancy, and breastfeeding (bone growth suppression and teeth discoloration); take 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing ions (dairy, vitamins, mineral supplements) | - |
| Clindamycin (PO,IV) | cleocin | lincosamide | SSTI, pharyngitis ACTIVITY AGAINST: MRSA | diarrhea, c, diff diarrhea | BOX WARNING: CDAD | - |
| sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (PO,IV) | bactrim | sulfonamide antibiotic | SSTI, cystitis, pyelonephritis, opportunistic infection prophylaxis ACTIVITY AGAINST: MRSA, enterobacteriaceae | nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes SJS or TEN, photosensitivity, crystalluria, hyperkalemia, increased serum creatinine, hypersensitivity | - | - |
| nitrofurantoin (PO) | macrobid | urinary antibiotic | cystitis ACTIVITY AGAINST: escherichia coli | nausea, pulmonary fibrosis (chronic) | - | - |
| fosfomycin (PO) | monurol | urinary antibiotic | cystitis ACTIVITY AGAINST: escherichia coli | headache, diarrhea, nausea | - | - |
| tobramycin (IV, inhaled) | inhaled: tobi | aminoglycoside | HAP, cystic fibrosis (nebulized) ACTIVITY AGAINST: escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa | nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity | - | - |
| vancomycin (IV,PO) | vancocin | glycopeptide | IV: SSTI, HAP, CRBSI, meningitis, endocarditis PO:CDI ACTIVITY AGAINST: MRSA, clostridium difficile (PO) | nephrotoxicity, vancomycin infusion reaction, ototoxicity | - | - |
| metronidazole (PO,IV) | flagyl | antibiotic | anaerobic infections, CDI ACTIVITY AGAINST: bacteriodes species, clostridioides difficile | nausea, metallic taste, disulfiram reaction with alcohol, peripheral neuropathy (chronic) | - | - |
| mupirocin (topical) | bactroban | antibiotic | MRSA decolonization | - | - | - |
| neomycin and polymyxin B and bacitracin (topical, ophthalmic) | topical: neosporin Ophthalmic: neo-polycin | topical antibiotic | topical infection prevention, ocular infections | reddening, itching | - | Neosporin: OTC |
| terbinafine (PO, topical) | lamisil | allylamine antifungal | onychomycosis | nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, elevated hepatic transaminases, headeache | - | topical: OTC |
| Fluconazole (PO,IV) | diflucan | azole antifungal | vulvovaginal candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis, invasive candidiasis | nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, elevated hepatic transaminases, QTc prolongation | - | - |
| ketoconazole (PO, topical) | nizoral | anole antifungal | tinea infections | nauesea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, increased hepatic transaminases, QTc prolongation | BOX WARNING: serious hepatotoxicity including fatal outcomes/ requiring liver transplant; QTc prolongation and DDI’s causing QTc prolongation | Topical: OTC |
| nystatin (PO) | - | polyene antifungal | oropharyngeal candidiasis | phlebitis, diarrhea, vomiting, anemia, fever | - | - |
| nystatin (topical) | nystop | polyene antifungal | cutaneous and mucocutaneous fungal infections | burning, itching | only use oral solution for thrush | - |
| Micafungin (IV) | mycamine | echinocandin antifungal | invasive candidiasis | - | - | - |
| betamethasone and clotrimazole (topical) | lotrisone | glucocorticoid and azole antifungal | cutaneous fungal infections | burning, itching, dryness, skin atrophy | do NOT use for diaper dermatitis; adrenal suppression with long-term use over large areas | - |
| oseltamivir (PO) | tamiflu | neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral | influenza | nausea, vomiting, neuropsychiatric events in pediatric patients | - | - |
| Acyclovir (PO,IV) | zovirax | antiviral | herpes simplex virus | nausea, increased hepatic transaminases, crystalluria | vesicant | - |
| valacyclovir (PO) | valtrex | antiviral | herpes simplex virus | nausea, increased hepatic transaminases | - | - |
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