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Chapter 14 SS
Mr. King Chapter 14 Study Stack
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Congenital Anomalies | Physical or structural birth defects present at birth, caused by genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. |
| Acute | Refers to a condition or illness that begins suddenly and is usually severe but short-term. |
| Chronic | A condition or illness that is long-lasting or persistent, often developing slowly and continuing over time. |
| Episodic | A condition or behavior that occurs in episodes or bursts, with periods of normalcy in between. |
| Progressive | A condition or disease that worsens or advances over time, often leading to increasing disability or impairment. |
| Traumatic Brian Injury (TBI) | An injury to the brain caused by an external force that can affect thinking, memory, movement, and behavior. |
| Quadriplegia | Paralysis that affects all four limbs and the torso, usually caused by a spinal cord injury or a severe neurological condition. |
| Hemiplegia | Paralysis that affects one side of the body, usually caused by brain injury, stroke, or neurological conditions. |
| Paraplegia | Paralysis that affects the lower half of the body, typically the legs and lower trunk, usually caused by spinal cord injury. |
| Spasticity | A condition where muscles are continuously tight or stiff, making movement difficult and sometimes painful, often seen in cerebral palsy or after a brain/spinal injury. |
| Choreoathetoid | A type of movement disorder where a person has involuntary, irregular, writhing, and jerky movements, often associated with cerebral palsy. |
| Atonic | A condition where muscles lack normal tone, causing weakness or floppy movements, often seen in certain types of cerebral palsy. |
| Seizure | A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain that can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, or consciousness. |
| Epilepsy | A neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal brain activity. |
| Executive Function | A set of mental skills that help with planning, organizing, focusing attention, controlling impulses, and completing tasks. |
| Adaptive behavior | The practical, everyday skills needed to function independently, such as communication, self-care, social skills, and safety. |
| Spina Bifida | A birth defect where the spinal column doesn’t close completely, which can cause nerve damage, mobility issues, and other physical disabilities. |
| Neural Tube Defect | A birth defect that occurs when the brain, spine, or spinal cord doesn’t form properly during early fetal development, such as spina bifida or anencephaly. |
| Catheterization | A medical procedure in which a tube (catheter) is inserted into the body to drain or deliver fluids, commonly used for bladder management. |
| Muscular Dystrophy | A group of genetic disorders that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass, affecting movement and sometimes heart and respiratory muscles. |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | A chronic autoimmune disease that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints, often leading to reduced mobility and joint deformity. |
| Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) | A form of arthritis that affects children, causing joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and sometimes growth problems. |
| Asthma | A chronic condition in which the airways become inflamed and narrow, causing difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. |
| Cystic Fibrosis (CF) | A genetic disorder that causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, digestive system, and other organs, leading to breathing and digestive problems. |
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | A disease caused by the HIV virus that weakens the immune system, making the body vulnerable to infections and certain cancers. |
| Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders | A range of birth defects and developmental problems caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, affecting the brain, behavior, and physical growth. |
| Phenylketonuria | A genetic disorder in which the body cannot break down the amino acid phenylalanine, leading to intellectual disabilities and other health problems if untreated. |
| Neurotoxins | Substances that damage or interfere with the nervous system, potentially causing cognitive, motor, or sensory impairments. |
| Prosthesis | An artificial device that replaces a missing body part, such as a limb, tooth, or eye, to restore function or appearance. |
| Orthosis | A supportive device worn on the body, like a brace or splint, that supports, aligns, or corrects musculoskeletal problems. |
| Adaptive Devices | Tools or equipment that help people with disabilities perform tasks independently, such as wheelchairs, hearing aids, or specialized utensils. |
| Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) | A plan for infants and toddlers with disabilities that guides early intervention services and supports the child and family’s needs and goals. |
Created by:
chandlerhayes14