Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Streams
Exam 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is precipitation? | Any form of water that falls from the sky |
| What is infiltration? | Precipitation moving down to become groundwater |
| What is run off? | Precipitation running off the land surface into rivers and streams |
| What is a stream? | Any body of running water that flows in a channel |
| What is a head? | Source of stream |
| What is a mouth? | End of stream |
| What is a bed? | Bottom of stream |
| What is a channel? | Depression or trough through which the stream flows |
| What happens when water exceeds a channel? | Flood |
| What is a tributary? | Smaller side channels that flow into the main “trunk” stream |
| What is sheetwash? | Water that flows on lands surface |
| What is downcutting? | Erosion deepening a channel |
| What is headward erosion? | When water converges in a channel at head (more erosion at head) or Way in which a stream lengthens |
| What is a drainage network and what does it depend on? | Tributaries and trunk streams together make a pattern, Shape of land and Underlying geology |
| What are the four types of drainage patterns? | Dendritic, Radial, Rectangular, Trellis |
| What does the dendritic pattern look like? | tree like, occurs on sloping terrain ("boring" geology) Few geological structures |
| What does the radial pattern look like? | Single mountain or volcano, flow outward from center |
| What does the rectangular pattern look like? | Fractures (or joints) form a grid at right angles |
| What does the trellis pattern look like? | Mountain range, Kinda like rungs on a latter without one side |
| What do drainage patterns form? | Watersheds |
| What is a watershed? | Area of land drained by a stream |
| What is a divide? | High area (mountain, ridge, etc) that divides a watershed |
| What is a permanent (perennial) stream? | Flows all year round (like rivers) |
| What is a ephemeral stream? | Flows part of the year, typically in deserts |
| What is discharge? | Volume of water passing a point (cross-section of a stream) in a given time; amount of water flowing through a channel |
| What is discharge related to? | Size of basin / watershed |
| What does discharge do in temperate regions? | Increases downstream |
| What does discharge do in arid regions? | Decreases downstream |
| How many processes does erosion have? What are they? | 3: Breaking and Lifting, Abrasion, Dissolution |
| What is breaking and lifting? | Can erode bedrock channels or walls |
| What is abrasion? | Sediment sandpaper; SANDBLASTING |
| What is dissolution? | Dissolve out soluble minerals |
| What does high erosion cause? | Turbulent streams, Fast flowing streams, Sandy streams Extra note: floods = highest erosion |
| What forms because of high erosion? | Valleys and Canyons |
| What is a valley? | Channel bordered by gentle slope |
| What is a canyon? | Bordered by steep slope |
| What is a stream load? | Total volume of sediment carried by stream |
| How do streams transport sediments? | Stream load |
| What are the three types of stream load? | Dissolved load, Suspended load, Bed load |
| What is dissolved load? | Ions of dissolved minerals; Can’t see ‘em!!!! |
| What is suspended load? | Turns stream color!!! Tiny grains that do not settle, Bulk of what is carried by stream |
| What is bed load? | Large particles that bounce or roll along the bed |
| What does bed load also have? | Saltation |
| What is saltation? | Grains that bounce in direction of flow Aka bouncing |
| What are the three depositional deposits? | Bars, delta, alluvial fans |
| What is a bar? | Elongate lens of sediment that collects at edge or center of stream |
| What is a delta? | Fan shaped deposit formed when stream enters standing body of water (towards the end of rivers-permanent stream) |
| What is an alluvial fan? | deposits of ephemeral streams; Streams dump out of canyon and onto flat plain |
| How do streams change along their lengths? | Gradient |
| What is a gradient? | Slope of the stream |
| What are the two stream types? | Braided and Meandering |
| What is a braided stream? | Multiple shallow channels that “braid” or interweave; lots of sediment with unstable banks |
| What is a meandering stream? | Broad loops → meanders Form and a low gradient (Closer to the mouth of the stream) |
| What is a cut bank? | Flow faster on the outer part of a meander |
| What is a point bar? | Slower flow on the interior of channel |
| What is an oxbow lake? | U-shaped or crescent shaped lake formed when a meander is cut off from the main channel |
| Are cut banks erosional or depositional? | Erosional |
| Are point bars erosional or depositional? | Depositional |
| Are oxbow lakes erosional or depositional? | Primarily depositional, but has erosional processes too (google said so, idk) |
Created by:
user-1965680