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Quiz 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Black Tuesday | October 29 1929 stock market crash that triggered the Great Depression |
| Rising Inequality | Top 1% gained most wealth while most Americans saw little income growth |
| Market Saturation | Overproduction of goods caused demand to collapse |
| Agricultural Crisis | Farm prices fell throughout the 1920s creating massive rural debt |
| Speculative Bubble | Risky stock speculation fueled by easy credit |
| Smoot-Hawley Tariff | 1930 tariff that collapsed global trade |
| Bank Failures | Over 2300 banks collapsed in 1932 |
| Hoovervilles | Shantytowns built by homeless Americans |
| Bonus Army | WWI veterans demanding early bonuses removed by MacArthur |
| Dust Bowl | Drought and soil erosion that displaced hundreds of thousands |
| Mexican Repatriation | Forced removal of about one million Mexican Americans many US citizens |
| Emergency Banking Act | FDR’s bank holiday and federal oversight of banks |
| Glass-Steagall Act | Created FDIC and separated commercial and investment banking |
| CCC | Civilian Conservation Corps providing conservation jobs for young men |
| FERA | Federal Emergency Relief Administration giving direct aid to states |
| TVA | Tennessee Valley Authority building dams and developing the region |
| AAA | Paid farmers to limit production to raise crop prices |
| NRA | Set wages prices and hours for industries |
| WPA | Massive public works program employing millions |
| Wagner Act | Guaranteed workers’ right to unionize |
| Social Security Act | Created pensions unemployment insurance and aid programs |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | Established minimum wage and child labor regulations |
| Pearl Harbor | December 7 1941 attack that brought the US into WWII |
| Axis Powers | Germany Italy and Japan |
| Allied Powers | US UK Soviet Union and China |
| Blitzkrieg | Fast coordinated lightning war attacks |
| Operation Barbarossa | Germany’s 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union |
| Second Front Controversy | USSR wanted US and UK to invade Western Europe sooner |
| Battle of Stalingrad | Turning point battle where Germany was defeated in 1943 |
| D-Day | June 6 1944 Allied invasion of Normandy |
| Island Hopping | US strategy to capture islands toward Japan |
| Bataan Death March | Forced march of POWs resulting in 10000 deaths |
| Battle of Midway | 1942 naval victory crippling Japan’s fleet |
| Iwo Jima | Brutal battle with heavy casualties |
| Okinawa | 80 day battle bringing US forces close to Japan |
| Manhattan Project | Secret US program to build the atomic bomb |
| Hiroshima | First atomic bomb dropped August 6 1945 |
| Nagasaki | Second atomic bomb dropped August 9 1945 |
| Rosie the Riveter | Symbol of women working in wartime industry |
| Double V Campaign | Victory abroad and against racism at home |
| Executive Order 9066 | Authorized Japanese American internment |
| Korematsu v US | Supreme Court decision upholding internment |
| Holocaust | Nazi genocide killing 11 million civilians including 6 million Jews |
| Cold War | Global struggle between US capitalism and Soviet communism 1945–1991 |
| MAD | Mutually Assured Destruction meaning nuclear war would destroy both sides |
| Long Telegram | Kennan’s warning that the USSR must be contained |
| Iron Curtain | Churchill’s term for the division of Europe |
| Truman Doctrine | Aid to Greece and Turkey beginning US containment policy |
| Marshall Plan | 13 billion dollars to rebuild Western Europe |
| NATO | 1949 military alliance of US Canada and Western Europe |
| Warsaw Pact | Soviet military alliance formed in 1955 |
| NSC-68 | Called for massive US military buildup |
| Arms Race | US–USSR competition to build nuclear weapons |
| Duck and Cover | Civil defense drills preparing for nuclear attack |
| Space Race | US–USSR competition in space exploration |
| Sputnik | First satellite launched by USSR in 1957 |
| McCarthyism | Anti-communist hysteria led by Senator McCarthy |
| HUAC | House Un-American Activities Committee investigations |
| Domino Theory | Idea that if one nation fell to communism others would follow |
| Proxy Wars | Indirect conflicts in Korea Vietnam Cuba and elsewhere |
| Military-Industrial Complex | Eisenhower’s warning about defense industry power |
| Glasnost | Gorbachev’s policy of openness |
| Perestroika | Gorbachev’s economic restructuring reforms |
| Fall of Berlin Wall | 1989 collapse of Soviet control in Eastern Europe |
| Dissolution of USSR | 1991 end of the Soviet Union |
Created by:
Landon02Ham