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Chapter 10
Stoichiometry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of chemistry is stoichiometry | quantitative chemistry, |
| What is the Law of Conservation of Mass | The Law of Conservation of Mass states that when a chemical reaction occurs, the total mass of the reactants is always equal to the total mass of the products. Total mass of reactants = Total mass of products |
| What is a physical change | A physical change is a change that does not result in the formation of any new substance. |
| What are physical properties | Physical properties are properties that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance e.g. mass, shape, volume, density, melting point, and boiling point. |
| Give an example of a physical change | An example of a physical change is the melting of ice (solid to liquid) or the boiling of water (liquid to gas). In each case, no new substance is formed. Ice, water and steam are the same substance, i.e. they have the same chemical formula (H2O). The same mass is observed when the ice cubes have melted in a sealed container. |
| What is a chemical change | A chemical change is a change that results in the formation of one or more new substances. The Law of Conservation of Mass applies to all these chemical changes. |
| What are Chemical properties | Chemical properties describe how a substance reacts with other substances in a chemical reaction to form a new substance. |
| Give an example of chemical change | burning of a fuel Baking a cake Rusting of iron |
| What do you have to do to balance chemical equations | Put a number in front of elements so that there is the same amount of each element on both sides |
| What is Stoichiometry | Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that tells us the relationship between the amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation. |
| How do you calculate the percentage of each element in a compound | e.g. CaO Calculate the relative atomic mass of CaO Calculate the percentage of both calcium and oxygen in CaO using their own respective molecular mass over the total molecular mass of CaO |
| What is the molecular formula | The molecular formula of a compound is a formula which shows the number and type of each atom present in a molecule of that compound. |
| What is the Empirical Formula | The empirical formula of a compound is the formula showing the simplest whole- number ratio of the numbers of different atoms present in the molecule. |
| How do you calculate the empirical formula of a compound given the masses of reactants and products | 1. Write out the word equation and insert the given masses 2. Apply the law of conservation of mass to calculate the unknown mass 3. Calculate the number of moles of your element atoms 4. Divide by the smallest number of moles to obtain the simplest whole number ratio |
| How do you Calculate masses of reactants and products from balanced chemical equations | 1. Write down the given equation and circle what we know and what we want to know 2. find the molecular mass of what you circled and multiply it by the amount of moles to find its mass 3. Determine the mass formed by finding 1g then finding however many g you need |
| How do you Calculate volumes of gases from balanced chemical equations | 1. Write down the given equation and circle what we know and what we want to know 2. Make a shortened version of the equation and put in the amounts 3. Calculate the volume by putting 22.4 over the molecular mass and multiplying the top by the mass given in the question |
Created by:
21JulianM
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