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Principle TJC Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sanctions | Penalties to serve as punishment or enforcement of rules and regulations |
| Four primary sources of law | Constitutional law, statutory law, administrative law, common law |
| Hippocrates | The father of medicine |
| slander | spoken or verbal communication to harm another person's reputation |
| Primary Care Physician (PCP) | primary physician for patient, serves as a gatekeeper to maintain and approve services to reduce costs and unnecessary spending |
| Medicaid | Medical aid administered at the STATE level to those with low income, or in need |
| CDC top 10 causes of death | heart disease, cancer, unintentional injuries and accidents, chronic lower respiratory disease, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, nephritis, influenza and pneumonia, intentional self-harm (suicide) |
| Hospice | Organization or program involving a multidisciplinary group of medical professionals available to aid support of the terminally ill and their families |
| Advanced Directive | Written document that details the treatment preferences and designation of an alternate decision maker in the event that a person should become unable to make medical decisions on his or her own behalf, also called advance healthcare/ medical directive |
| Primer non nocere | "first do no harm" |
| Emancipation | legal process of a minor achieving independence from his or her parents |
| Mandatory Reporting | Prompt reporting of births, deaths, communicable diseases, assaults or criminal acts (human trafficking, drug use, etc.) |
| Demographics | patient information including name, contact information, date of birth, occupation, and emergency contact information |
| Covered Entity (CE) | Institutions, Organizations, or persons covered by insurance |
| SOAP | Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan- Acronym used to document in patient's medical chart |
| Brain Death | irreversible loss of function of the brain including the brainstem |
| Adoption | legal action that bestows parental rights on a person who was not legal parent before, involves termination of existing legal parent's paternal rights, determined when the potential adoptive parent is fit |
| Controlled Substances Act | Act passed by US Congress in 1971 to establish federal drug policies for manufacturing, importation, possession, use, and distribution of certain substances. |
| HIPPA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 is a federal legislation that provides data privacy and security provisions for safeguarding medical information |
| Workplace violence | Any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that causes fear for personal safety in the workplace |
| Respondeat superior | Legal doctrine stating that an employer is responsible for the action s of employees performed with the course of their employment |
| Dereliction of Duty | Neglect or negligence of one's duty |
| ADA Act of 1990 | Americans with Disabilities Act protects citizens with disabilities from discrimination with regard to employment, education, and public accommodation |
| Indemnity Plan | Fee-for-service plan that allows patient to direct their health care and visits to almost any physician, healthcare professional or hospital they prefer, either in or out of network |
| Non Physician Providers (NPP) | Nurse Practitioner, Physician Assistant, Certified Nurse Midwife |
| Credentialing | process of verifying an individual's professional qualifications |
| Patient abandoment | legal claim that occurs when a healthcare provider terminates the professional relationship with a patient without reasonable notice and when continued care is medically necessary |
| Damages | The actual injury or loss suffered by a defendant in a suit |
| Against Medical Advice (AMA) | When a patient chooses to go against the advice of the medical authority |
| Assault | Placing someone in immediate fear or apprehension of harmful or unpleasant touching without the person's consent |
| Patient Bill of Rights | Outlines basic rules of conduct and interaction between patients and healthcare professionals, stresses role patient plays in staying healthy, helps patient feel more confident in US healthcare system to ensure it is fair and works |
| 4 basic elements to Negligence | Duty of Care, Dereliction of Duty, Direct Cause, and Damages |
| Plaintiff | Person or entity bringing the suit or claim |
| False Claims Act (FCA) | Act that makes it a federal crime for an individual or organization to knowingly create a false record or submit a false claim to any federal government payer |
| Abuse | Improper practices outside the acceptable standards of practice |
| Whistleblowing | ace of turning in your employer or co-worker for potential fraud and abuse |
| Chromosomes | Threadlike structures in the center of a cell (nucleus) that transmit the genetic information about the person |
| Nonmaleficence | "do no harm" to the patient or the fewest number of people in society |
| Constitution | The supreme Law of the United States |
| Tort | wrongful act, not including breach of contract of trust, that results in injury to another's person, property, reputation or the like, and for which the injured party is entitled compensation |
| Statute of Limitations | requires that a claim be filed within a specific amount of time of discovering that a wrong has been committed |
| Felony | serious crime punishable by relatively large fines and/or imprisonment for more than one year, and in extreme cases, death |
| Medical Practice Acts | Acts that have been established by a statute to govern the practice of medicine in all 50 states |
| Emergency Medicine | Highest risk area for medical malpractice |
| Sexually transmitted infections (STI) and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) | Reportable to the local health department |
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