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N. Africa/ SW Asia

TermDefinition
oasis A green, fertile area in a desert where underground water reaches the surface
wadi A dry streambed that fills with water only during rare rainstorms
alluvial soil Rich soil deposited by river flooding — critical for farming in dry regions
OPEC Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries — controls oil production and pricing
petroleum Oil; the region’s dominant natural resource and export
desalination Removing salt from seawater to make it drinkable — used heavily in Gulf states
guest worker A foreign laborer brought in temporarily, common in wealthy Gulf countries (UAE, Qatar, Saudi Arabia)
Aswan High Dam Nile in Egypt; built to control flooding but traps fertile sediment
Suez Canal Waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea; ~12% of world trade
Strait of Hormuz Narrow waterway between Iran and Oman; most Middle Eastern oil passes through here
sea lanes Shipping routes across oceans used for trade — this region sits at a global intersection
monotheistic Belief in one God — Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all monotheistic
Islam Religion founded by Muhammad; followers are Muslims; holy book is the Qur’an
Judaism Oldest of the three monotheistic religions; originated in this region
mosque Islamic house of worship
minaret Tower on a mosque from which the call to prayer is announced
Sunni / Shi’a The two major branches of Islam; split over who should lead after Muhammad
bazaar / suq Traditional open-air marketplace found across the region
calligraphy Decorative handwriting; an important art form in Islamic culture
pastoralism Raising livestock (sheep, goats, camels) as a primary way of life
Created by: Mr. Hine
 

 



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