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PSY2073

QuestionAnswer
When do you use independent groups t-test? Typically for random assignment, with clear distinction between groups and no overlap
When do you use related samples t-test? Participants are their own controls (before-after) or when individuals are closely-matched between groups
When do you use one-sample t-test? When one sample is being compared to the population (requires population mean)
What is the advantage of related samples t-test? Related samples t-tests have more power than independent groups t-tests, because they require less people to reject the null. People serve as their own control.
What are the disadvantages of related samples t-test? Carry-over effects where behavior may be influenced by previous conditions or tests. Subject-expectancy effects where behavior may be change due to learning about the experiment.
How does your choice of t-test affect sample size requirements? Related samples t-test has more power than independent samples t-test
What are the assumptions of an independent groups t-test? Independent groups, normal distribution, and homogeneity of variance
What are the assumptions of a related samples t-test? Independent observations and normal distribution
How does increasing N affect power? Increases t obtained and power
How does increasing standard deviation affect power? Decreases t obtained and power
How does increasing the difference between means affect power? Increases t obtained and power
How does t-distribution differ from normal distribution? T-distribution gets fatter and flatter as degrees of freedom get smaller
What is an important assumption in the validity of a t-test? A normal distribution with a small sample size
What is the first variable to find in a related samples t-test? Sum of differences and sum of differences squared
What is the null hypothesis of a related samples t-test? Mu diff = 0
What is the first variable to find in an independence group t-test? Sum of x's and sum of x's squared
What is the null hypothesis of an independent groups t-test? Mu experimental - Mu control = 0
What is the degrees of freedom formula for an independent groups t-test? n1+n2-2
What variable is required for a z-test? Population standard deviation
What can be increased to increase power? Difference between means, sample size, or alpha
What can be decreased to increase power? Standard deviation
What are the r squared effect size estimates? .01 (small), .09 (medium), .25 (large)
What is the formula for r^2? t obtained ^2 / (t obtained ^2 + df)
Created by: juangon
 

 



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