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Mythology Quiz 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Iliad | written by Homer circa 750BC. One of the earliest surviving written stories. The story begins on the 40th day of the 9th year of the 10 year Trojan war. Most information leading up to this is revealed in flashbacks. |
| Epic Cycles | Shorter works about specific "episodes" from the Trojan war. Homer was likely influenced by these shorter stories and combined ideas from them in the Iliad |
| Peleus | The mortal husband of Thetis. Father of Achilles. |
| Thetis | A goddess who marries Peleus. Mother of Achilles. |
| Prophecy for Zeus | "A woman you have an affair with will have a son who grows greater than that man's father" He was having an affair with Thetis, so married her to Peleus to avoid that son be his |
| Eris/Discordia | Goddess of Discord. Was not invited to Peleus and Thetis's wedding. crashes it and throws in a golden apple that says "for the most beautiful goddess" (or "for the fairest") Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite were argue over who the apple was addressed to. |
| The Judgment of Paris | The goddesses ask Zeus who the apple is for, but he knows better than to answer that. Makes Paris answer instead. It becomes a public event about the goddesses' pride. |
| Paris | A mortal man from Troy who is told to choose who the golden apple was addressed to. |
| Hera's bribe for Paris | To make him a great king |
| Athena's bribe for Paris | To make him the most powerful warrior |
| Aphrodite's bribe for Paris | To give him the most beautiful woman alive (Helen of Troy) Paris choose this option. |
| Helen of Troy | The most beautiful woman alive. Married to Menelaus, a Greek. Aphrodite makes her fall in love with Paris and he kidnaps her. |
| Tyndareus | Father of Helen. Made her suitors swear the Oath of Tyndareus. |
| Oath of Tyndareus | All of Helen's suitors would respect the man she choose as her husband. If anyone "caused a problem" the rest of the suitors would band against him to take care of it. This put all of Greece against Troy to get her back |
| Menelaus | Helen's Husband, invokes the Oath of Tyndareus after Helen is kidnaped by Paris. |
| Agamemnon | Menelaus's brother. Leader of the collective Greek army. |
| Odysseus gets drafted | was young, recently married + had a baby. to avoid the draft, decided to act crazy. He salted his fields while ploughing them. Agamemnon sees through this, and throws his baby in his path. He swerves to not hit him. Proven sane. drafted. |
| Prophecy for Achilles | Thetis had heard that her son would either live a short, glorious life, or a long, boring one. She tries to avoid him getting drafted into the Trojan war because of this. She dresses him up in girl clothes and sends him to an all girl school. |
| Achilles gets drafted | The Greek army heard that Achilles was sent to a girls school, went to find him. Cant, so Odysseus sets up 2 tables there, 1 with perfumes + linens, the other with weapons + armor. Achilles can not resist the masculine call of shiny sword, gets drafted. |
| Calchas | a priest. Tells Agamemnon that Artemis is mad at him for something he said, and that's why the winds are too rough to sail to Troy. Says she wants his daughter. Agamemnon tricks his daughter into being sacrificed, the winds die down and they carry on. |
| Philoctetes | gets bitten by a snake on an island they stop on, the wound smells bad so they leave him there. Later in the war, they return for him because he has the bow of Heracles. |
| The Anger of Achilles | The most well-known theme of the Iliad. |
| Chryses | A Trojan priest of Apollo. He was insulted because Agamemnon did not accept his ransom for his daughter that he took as a war trophy. Asks Apollo to curse the Greeks for this. Apollo sends a plague. |
| Chryseis | Daughter of Chryses, taken by Agamemnon |
| Agamemnon insults Achilles | Achilles gets the other Greek leaders to agree that Agamemnon needs to return Chryseis. Agamemnon throws a fit and demands Achilles war trophy, Briseis, in return. The other leaders agree for him, and Achilles does so but is angered. |
| Briseis | Achilles "war trophy" then given to Agamemnon to end the plague on the Greeks |
| Shame culture | A culture where your self-worth and self-identity are defined by others view you. Part of this value is determined by the things you own from your conquests/achievements. The Greeks were this. |
| Guilt Culture | The opposite of Shame culture. Where your self-worth and identity are formed from how you view yourself and your actions. |
| Achilles steps out of the war | Achilles feels he's been wronged by the other Greeks, so he and his army are sitting on the sidelines watching. He starts to hope for the Trojans to win, so Zeus decides to give the Trojans his favor. |
| The Greeks apologize to Achilles | The Greeks see how badly their asses are getting kicked, and decide to apologize to Achilles. Agamemnon even tries to buy him back. Achilles rejects this apology |
| Patroclus | A member of Achilles army, (and likely his lover) tells him he cant just stand by anymore, wants to go to battle. Achilles lets him go, and gives him his armor. This makes him be mistaken for Achilles on the battle field, and is killed by Hector. |
| Hector | Troy's greatest warrior. Killed Patroclus, believing he was Achilles, and takes the armor. Achilles anger shifts to him because of this. |
| Achilles returns to war | Hephaestus makes him new armor, and he fights like a mad man (opposed to his former more logical and elegant fighting) He captures 12 Trojans alive and burns them on Patroclus' funeral pyre. |
| What Achilles did to Hector | When Achilles finally encounters Hector on the battle field, they have an awesome fight. Achilles wins, but doesnt stop. keeps stabbing the body, ties it to a horse and has it dragged around the Trojan wall. Spends 13 days desecrating the body. |
| Priam | Hector's father. wants the body of his son back. sneaks into the camp of the Greeks + into Achilles tent. Kneels at his hand and kisses it. He compares himself to Achilles father, and asks for Hector's body back. Achilles feels guilty and agrees. |
| The end of the Iliad | Priam and Achilles have a meal together, and he convinces Achilles to call a ceasefire so both sides can mourn their losses. The Trojan war is not yet over. |
| Death of Achilles | Shot in the ancle by Paris from the wall of Troy. Paris was either a bad shot and hit him there on accident, or his arrow was guided by Apollo, depending on the version. |
| Origin of Achilles' resistance and weakness | As an infant, his mother had dipped him into the river Styx by his ancles to make him more resistant to harm. This made his ancles the only spot not resistant. |
| Who will get Achilles' armor? | Odysseus and Ajax both want it, and the Greek leaders decide Odysseus will get it. Ajax is so mad he goes mad. He starts stabbing sheep saying theyre Trojan soldiers. When he snaps out of it, hes so embarrassed he kills himself. |
| Helenus | A Trojan priest captured by the Greeks. They ask him what they need to do to win the war. Tells them they need to retrieve Philoctetes and Heracles' bow. |
| The Trojan Horse | Odysseus is inspired by Athena to create it. All the best warriors hid inside it with a plan to get into the city. |
| Sinon | A Greek solider who stood with the Trojan horse. Told the Trojans that he and it were scarifies to Athena. Says that if the Trojans take the horse they could offer it to Athena instead. They believe him and bring both in. |
| Laocoön | The only guy sus of the Trojan horse. "I fear the Greeks even when they bring gifts." stabs it with a spear, hitting a solider inside. He hears it rattle so he goes to check the inside, but is killed by 2 serpents. Everyone else decides not to check on it |
| The end of the Trojan War | When the horse was left unwatched, the Greek Warriors emerged, and let the rest of the army into the city. Almost all Trojans were killed. |
Created by:
Gothic_Bruno