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chapter 12
study stack for chapter 12
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cornea | a transparent cover in the front of the iris and pupil which preforms the major part of bending (refraction) of the light rays so that the image will be focused |
| aqueous humor | a watery substance between the cornea and the lens of the eye |
| pupil | the contractile opening in the middle of the iris |
| iris | the colored portion of the eye that contracts or expands, depending on the amount of light striking it |
| lens | refines and changes the focus of the light rays before they pass through the vitreous humor |
| vitreous humor | a transparent gelatinous substance that fills the eyeball between the retina and lens |
| retina | back portion of the eye, containing nerve fibers connected to the optic nerve |
| optic nerve | carries information back to the brain |
| visual acuity | often measured with the Snellen chart |
| Snellen chart | rows of letters (for those who know the alphabet) |
| functional vision assessment | involves observing the student interacting with other environments |
| refraction | refers to the bending of the light rays as they pass through the various structures of the eye |
| myopia | nearsightedness |
| hyperopia | farsightedness |
| astigmatism | blurred vision |
| Glaucoma | a group of eye diseases that cause damage to the optic nerve |
| cataracts | caused by a clouding of the lens of the eye, results in blurred vision |
| cortical visual impairment | a poorly understood childhood condition that apparently involves disfunctions in visual cortex |
| retinopathy of prematurity | condition resulting from administration of an excessive concertation of oxygen at birth |
| optic nerve hypoplasia | a condition in underdevelopment of optic nerve |
| retintis pigmentosa | a hereditary condition that results in degeneration of retina |
| tunnel vision | narrow vision |
| night blindness | affects ability to see in low light |
| strabismus | a condition in which one or more eyes are directed inwards |
| nystagmus | a condition in which rapid involuntary movement of the eye occur |
| cognitive mapping | can help navigate people through their environment |
| obstacle sense | people believe that people that are blind develop another sense |
| echolocation | ability to detect objects in an environment by auditory echoes |
| phonological awareness | important in order to learn braille |
| stereotypic behavior | repetitive, stereotyped movements such as body rocking, poking, subbing eyes, repetitive hand or finger movements, and grimacing |
| Expanded Core Curriculum | students with blindness or low vision need more than the usual core academic curriculum for sighted students |
| unified English braille | developed in a way to combine codes |
| large print books | an aid for students and people that have vision impairments |
| magnifying devices | another aid for people and students that have vision impairments |
| NFB-Newsline | a free service available through the NFB that allow individuals to access newspaper and magazines |
| Descriptive Video Service | inserts a narrated description of key visual features of programs on television |
| screen readers | can magnify information on a screen, convert text to speech, or do both |
| itinerant teacher service | a vision teacher visits several different schools to work with students in general education classrooms, in the most popular placement for students with vision impairments |
| Curriculum based measurement | effective method for measuring academic progress of students with vision impairments |
| Accessible pedestrian signals | alert people who are blind when it is safe to cross the street |
Created by:
prooker