The spinning of a body, such as a planet, on its axis is called rotation.

The time it takes a planet to complete one full rotation on its axis is called a day.

The motion of a body that travels around another body in space is called revolution.

Earth completes a full revolution around the sun in 365 ¼ days, or about one year.

Most locations on Earth experience seasons. Each season is characterized by a pattern of temperature and other weather trends.

At an equinox sunlight shines equally on the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

At a solstice, the area of sunlight is at a maximum in one hemisphere and at a minimum in the other hemisphere.

A body that orbits a larger body is called a satellite.

All bodies that have mass exert a force that pulls other objects with mass toward themselves. This force is called gravity.

As the moon revolves around Earth, the portion of the moon that reflects sunlight back to Earth changes, causing the moon’s appearance to change. These changes are called lunar phases.

An eclipse is an event during which one object in space casts a shadow onto another.

The umbra is the darkest part of a shadow.

Around it is a spreading cone of lighter shadow called the penumbra .

Tides are daily changes in the level of ocean water.

A tidal range is the difference between the levels of ocean water at high tide and low tide.

Tides that have the largest daily tidal range are spring tides.

Tides that have the smallest daily tidal range are neap tides.

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Unit 4 vocab

Nature of Science

Term	Definition
rotation	The spinning of a body, such as a planet, on its axis is called rotation.
day	The time it takes a planet to complete one full rotation on its axis is called a day.
revolution	The motion of a body that travels around another body in space is called revolution.
year	Earth completes a full revolution around the sun in 365 ¼ days, or about one year.
season	Most locations on Earth experience seasons. Each season is characterized by a pattern of temperature and other weather trends.
equinox	At an equinox sunlight shines equally on the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
solstice	At a solstice, the area of sunlight is at a maximum in one hemisphere and at a minimum in the other hemisphere.
satellite	A body that orbits a larger body is called a satellite.
gravity	All bodies that have mass exert a force that pulls other objects with mass toward themselves. This force is called gravity.
lunar phases	As the moon revolves around Earth, the portion of the moon that reflects sunlight back to Earth changes, causing the moon’s appearance to change. These changes are called lunar phases.
eclipse	An eclipse is an event during which one object in space casts a shadow onto another.
umbra	The umbra is the darkest part of a shadow.
penumbra	Around it is a spreading cone of lighter shadow called the penumbra .
tide	Tides are daily changes in the level of ocean water.
tidal range	A tidal range is the difference between the levels of ocean water at high tide and low tide.
spring tide	Tides that have the largest daily tidal range are spring tides.
neap tide	Tides that have the smallest daily tidal range are neap tides.

Created by: jorge kahwati

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