the spinning motion of an object around its own internal axis or center

one full rotation of a planet (or celestial body) on its axis

the orbiting motion of a celestial body (like a planet or moon) around another object

the time it takes for Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun, roughly 365.25 days

yearly periods marked by distinct weather, ecological changes, and daylight hours, caused by the Earth’s 23.5-degree tilted axis as it revolves around the Sun

a scientific event occurring twice a year (around March 20/21 and September 22/23) when the sun is directly above Earth's equator

an astronomical event occurring twice yearly (around June 21 and December 22) when the Sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky, directly over the Tropics

any natural or man-made object that orbits a larger body in space

a fundamental, invisible force of attraction that acts between all objects with mass or energy.

the varying shapes of the illuminated portion of the Moon as viewed from Earth, caused by the changing angles of the Moon, Earth, and Sun as the Moon orbits our planet

occurs when one space object (like the moon or a planet) moves into the shadow of another space object or blocks light from reaching it

the innermost, darkest, and central part of a shadow where the light source is completely obstructed by an opaque object, resulting in total blockage of light

the area where a light source is only partially blocked

the regular, periodic rise and fall of ocean water levels, primarily caused by the gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun acting on Earth’s rotating oceans

the study of the vertical difference in height between high tide (highest water level) and low tide (lowest water level).

a high-amplitude tidal event occurring during new and full moons, when the Earth, Sun, and Moon align (syzygy), causing maximum gravitational reinforcement

a period of moderate tides occurring twice a month, characterized by the smallest tidal range—the lowest high tides and highest low tides.

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The Earth-Moon-Sun

Term	Definition
rotation	the spinning motion of an object around its own internal axis or center
day	one full rotation of a planet (or celestial body) on its axis
revolution	the orbiting motion of a celestial body (like a planet or moon) around another object
year	the time it takes for Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun, roughly 365.25 days
season	yearly periods marked by distinct weather, ecological changes, and daylight hours, caused by the Earth’s 23.5-degree tilted axis as it revolves around the Sun
equinox	a scientific event occurring twice a year (around March 20/21 and September 22/23) when the sun is directly above Earth's equator
solstice	an astronomical event occurring twice yearly (around June 21 and December 22) when the Sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky, directly over the Tropics
satellite	any natural or man-made object that orbits a larger body in space
gravity	a fundamental, invisible force of attraction that acts between all objects with mass or energy.
lunar phases	the varying shapes of the illuminated portion of the Moon as viewed from Earth, caused by the changing angles of the Moon, Earth, and Sun as the Moon orbits our planet
eclipse	occurs when one space object (like the moon or a planet) moves into the shadow of another space object or blocks light from reaching it
umbra	the innermost, darkest, and central part of a shadow where the light source is completely obstructed by an opaque object, resulting in total blockage of light
penumbra	the area where a light source is only partially blocked
tide	the regular, periodic rise and fall of ocean water levels, primarily caused by the gravitational attraction of the Moon and the Sun acting on Earth’s rotating oceans
tidal range	the study of the vertical difference in height between high tide (highest water level) and low tide (lowest water level).
spring tide	a high-amplitude tidal event occurring during new and full moons, when the Earth, Sun, and Moon align (syzygy), causing maximum gravitational reinforcement
neap tide	a period of moderate tides occurring twice a month, characterized by the smallest tidal range—the lowest high tides and highest low tides.

Created by: user-1962919

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