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gov ch 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| political party | an organized group of party leaders, office holders, and voters that work together to elect candidates to political office. |
| party identification | the degree to which a voter is connected to and influenced by a particular political party |
| straight ticket voting | voting for all of the candidates on the ballot from one politcal party |
| split ticket voting | voting for candidates from different parties in the same election |
| party platform | a set of positions and policy objectives that members of a political party agree to. |
| recruitment | the process through which political parties identify potential candidates |
| identify the 3 roles political parties play | 1. recruit/nominate/support candidates for office 2. inform/activate voters by providing labels (dem/rep) that helps voters identify candidates positions 3. organize government and implement policy, also act as opposition when party isn't in power. |
| how do political parties serve as linkage insitituions | give people choice in elections (nominating) inform voters (give labels to help people understand candidates) mobilize voters (encouraging participation in campaigns) translate public wants into policy when in power act as opposition when not in power |
| party coalation | groups of voters who support a political party overtime |
| realignment | when the groups of people who support a political party shift their allegiance to a different political party. |
| critical elections | a major national elections that signals a change in the balance of power between the two parties |
| party era | a time period when one party wins most national elections |
| era of divided government | a trend since 1969 in which one party controls one or both houses of Congress and the president is from the opposing party |
| describe factors that impact party structure/examples from history | Realignment, demographic changes, major political events new Deal expanded Democratic party civil rights movement made many southern white voters shift Republican |
| why are we in an era of divided government now vs a party era | party support is evenly split and highly polarized, making it hard for one party to win control. voters often support different parties in different elections leading to frequent divided government. |
| nomination | the formal process through which parties choose their candidates for political office |
| delegate | a person who acts as the voters representative at a convention to select the parties presidential nominee. |
| primary elections | an election in which a state's voters choose delegates who support a candidate for nomination. |
| open primary | a primary election in which all eligible voters may vote, regardless of their party affiliation |
| closed primary | a primary election in which only those who have registered as a member of a political party may vote. |
| caucus | a process through which a states eligible voters meet to select delegates to represent their preferences in the nomination process |
| superdelegate | usually a party leader or activist who is not pledged to a candidate based on the outcome of the states primary or caucus. |
| front-loading | a decision by a state to push its primary or caucus to a date as early in the election season as possible to gain more influence in the presidential nomination process |
| national convention | a meeting where delegates officially select their party's nominee for presidency |
| candidate centered campaign | a trend in which candidates develop their own strategies and raise money with less influence from the party elite |
| 2 party system | a system in which two political parties dominate policies, winning almost all elections |
| proportional representation system | an election system for a legislature in which citizens vote for parties, rather than individuals and parties are represented in the legislature according to the percentage of the vote they receive. |
| single member plurality system | an election system for choosing members of the legislature where the winner is the candidate who receives the most votes, even if the candidate does not receive a majority of the votes |
| third party | a minor political party in competition with the 2 major parties |
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Lilyhowes