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MEIOSIS

QuestionAnswer
Cell Cycle The series of events a cell goes through to grow, copy DNA, and divide into two new cells
Interphase The stage when the cell grows, carries out normal functions, and replicates DNA
G1 Phase The first part of interphase when the cell grows and performs normal activities
S Phase The phase of interphase when DNA is copied (replicated)
G2 Phase The stage when the cell prepares for division and checks for errors in DNA
Mitosis The process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei
Cytokinesis The division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
Prophase (Mitosis) Chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane begins to break down
Metaphase (Mitosis) Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase (Mitosis) Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell
Telophase (Mitosis) Nuclear membranes reform around each set of chromosomes
Daughter Cells New cells formed after cell division
Somatic Cells Body cells that have two sets of chromosomes (diploid)
Diploid (2n) A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
Meiosis A type of cell division that produces four genetically different sex cells
Gametes Sex cells (sperm or egg) that contain one set of chromosomes
Haploid (n) A cell that contains one set of chromosomes
Homologous Chromosomes Pairs of chromosomes that carry the same genes
Crossing Over The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis
Meiosis I The first division of meiosis when homologous chromosomes separate
Meiosis II The second division of meiosis when sister chromatids separate
Prophase I Homologous chromosomes pair up and crossing over occurs
Metaphase I Homologous chromosome pairs line up in the center of the cell
Anaphase I Homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles
Telophase I Two haploid cells form
Prophase II Chromosomes condense again in the second division
Metaphase II Chromosomes line up in the center of each cell
Anaphase II Sister chromatids separate
Telophase II Four haploid daughter cells form
Genetic Variation Differences in DNA among individuals in a population
Independent Assortment Random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis
Cancer Uncontrolled cell division caused by failure of cell cycle regulation
Cell Cycle Checkpoint A control point where the cell checks for errors before moving to the next stage
Created by: pnetha
 

 



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