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Comm Modalities
Aural Rehab II
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| communication modalities definition | the way in which people communicate |
| Oral communication | message --> receiver (listener) --> feedback --> source (speaker) message that needs to be conveyed |
| Auditory-Verbal (AVT) | - Unisensory method: auditory only - Discourages use of visual cues - focus on acoustic differences |
| Auditory Oral | Hearing to establish spoken language (less strict than AVT) Including: - Auditory only training - Use of visual cues - Some speech reading - Parent/guardian involvement - Role of therapy/instruction - Emphasis on listening |
| Speechreading | The process of identifying articulatory gestures and other visual cues to aid in speech understanding Includes: - facial expressions - hand gestures - body language |
| Speaker characteristics | - Familiarity - Facial expressions - speaking rate |
| Familiarity | speechreading performance improves when the speaker is familiar with the receiver |
| Facial expressions | Speakers who use appropriate facial expressions and gestures help facilitate easier and better speechreading |
| Speaking rate | Speed of speech impacts effectiveness of speechreading |
| Signal characteristics | Acoustic and visual information (not all phonemes of English are fully visible) |
| Visemes | visual part of phonemes (speechreading) - A speech sound that has been defined by place of articulation or the shape of the mouth |
| connected discourse | Connected speech occurs rapidly within a short amount of time - fast speech can change the articulators |
| Environment and speech reading | - Distance - Angle - Lighting - Visual or auditory distractions |
| Approaches to teaching speechreading | - Analytic - Synthetic |
| Analytic method | Before an entire word, sentence, or phrase can be identified, it is necessary to perceive each part visually |
| Synthetic method | The whole is more important than perceiving each part visually |
| Cued speech | Supports the literacy of deaf children - distinguish among sounds in the same vise group |
| Signed Exact English (SEE) | - A sign system based on English - Signing in accordance with English grammar |
| Fingerspelling | - A part of ASL used to spell out some words, proper names, and events - Can also be paired with spoken language such as the Rochester method |
| Total communication (2 definitions) | - English based sign system and speech simultaneously - times when only signs are used and speech is used promotes simulaneous use of multiple communication modalities |
| Tactile sign (DeafBlind community) | 1. Signing with another person's hand on yours 2. moving another person's hand to mimic the signs includes descriptions of different facial expressions and explanations of when people move in and out of the room |
| Tadoma (Tactile lipreading, deafblind) | thumb on lips, two fingers on jawline, ring finger or pinky on vocal folds |
| ASL | - Primary language of the Deaf Community - own vocab, syntax, grammar - intonation = facial expression - fully visual language |
| BI - BI (Bilingual, bicultural) | - First language is ASL - Second language is written English |
| BI-BI-BI (bilingual, bicultural, bimodal) | - Begins with ASL - Then equal access |
Created by:
Livy_Marolda