Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 19 A&P 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Position of the heart | located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the mediastinum |
| Size of the heart | size of a fist, broad at the top, taper towards the base |
| Pericardial Cavity | Cavity surrounding the heart filled with a lubricating serous fluid that reduces the friction as the heart contracts |
| Cardiac Notch | Depression in the medial surface of the inferior lobe of the left lung where the apex of the heart is located |
| Pulmonary Circuit | Blood flow to and from the lungs, goes there to get oxygen |
| Systemic Circuit | blood flow to and from virtually all of the tissues of the body, gets depleted of oxygen |
| Right atrium | receives blood from the systemic circuit that flows into the right ventricle |
| Left atrium | receives blood from the pulmonary circuit that flows into the left ventricle |
| Left ventricle | is the major pumping chamber on the lower left side of the heart that ejects blood into the systemic circuit via the aorta and receives blood from the left atrium |
| Right ventricle | is the major pumping chamber on the lower right side of the heart that ejects blood into the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary trunk and receives blood from the right atrium |
| Serous Membrane | lines the pericardial cavity and reflects back to cover the heart |
| Pericardium Cavity | Fluid filled cavity between the serous pericardium layers. helps with friction |
| Parietal layer of the serous pericardium | forms out wall of cavity |
| Fibrous pericardium | connective tissue protects the heart and maintains position in thorax |
| Auricle | extension of an atrium visible on the superior surface of the heart (flap like region) |
| Sulcus | fat-filled groove visible on the surface of the heart; coronary vessels are also located in these areas |
| Layers of the heart (outermost to innermost) | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
| Myocardium | middle layer, cardiac muscle cells, collagenous fibers, blood vessels, and nerve fibers |
| Endocardium | inner layer, simple squamosa epithelium, also lines the inside of blood vessels |
| Septum | Walls or partitions that divide the heart into chambers |
| Foramen ovale | opening in the fetal heart that allows blood to flow directly from the right atrium to the left atrium, by passing the fetal pulmonary circuit |
| Coronary Sinus | large, thin walled vein on the posterior surface of the heart that lies within the atrioventricular sulcus and drains the heart myocardium directly into the right atrium |
| Pectirate Muscle | muscular ridges seen on the anterior surface of the right atrium |
| Chordae tendineae | String like extensions of tough connective tissue that extend from the flaps of the atrioventricular valves to the papillary muscles |
| Papillary muscle | extension of the myocardium in the ventricles to which the chordae tendineae attach |
| Trabeculae Carnea | Ridges of muscle covered by endocardium located in the ventricles |
| Moderator band | myocardium covered by endocardium that rises from the inferior portion of the interventricular septum in the right ventricle, crosses to the anterior papillary muscle; contains conductile fibers that carry electrical signals followed contractions |
| Cardiac Muscle | myofibrils composed of myofilaments arranged in sarcomeres, T tubules to transmit the impulse from the sarcolemma to the interior of the cell, numerous mitochondria for energy, intercalated discs that are found at the junction of different cardiac muscle |
| Photomicrograph | Shows the nuclei and intercalated discs |
| Intercalated disc | connects cardiac muscle cells and consists of desmosomes and gap junctions |
| Action potential at the SA node | the prepotential is due to a slow influx of sodium ions until the threshold is reached followed by a rapid depolarization and repolarization. |
| Systole | period of time when the heart muscle is contracting |
| Diastole | period of time when the heart muscle is relaxed and the chambers fill with blood |
| Cardiac cycle order (Active Iguanas Venture into Valleys) | atrial contraction, isovolumetric contraction, ventricular ejection, isovolumetric relaxation, ventricular filling |
| Cardiac output | the volume of blood pumped by the left ventricle in one minute |
| Cardiology | The study of the heart |
| Angiology | the study of arteries, veins, and lymph vessels |
| Hematology | the study of blood |
| Erythrocytes | essential for the transport of O2 in blood |
| Platelets | are small membrane bound cell fragments that contain enzymes and other substances important to the process of clotting |
| Leukocytes | White blood cells participate in the body's defense mechanism |
Created by:
michelle57