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A&P Chapter 2 S5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Functional Group | A group of atoms linked by strong covalent bonds and tends to act as one unit in chemical reactions |
| Macromolecule | Any large molecule |
| Carbohydrate | A molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Polysaccharides | Polymer of carbohydrates |
| Monosaccharide | A monomer of carbohydrates |
| Disaccharide | A pair of monosaccharides. Formed via dehydration synthesis |
| Starch | Polymers of glucose. Occur in long chains called amylose, or branched chains called amylopectin |
| Glycogen | A polymer of glucose stored in the tissues of animals, particularly muscles and the liver. Not considered dietary carbohydrates since not much remains after the slaughter of an animal |
| Cellulose | A polysaccharide that composes the cell wall of green plants. It is the component of fiber. Not digestible |
| ATP | Composed of ribose sugar, an adenine base, and three phosphate groups. Releases free energy when phosphate bonds are broken |
| Lipids | Highly diverse group of compounds made up of mostly hydrocarbons |
| Triglyceride | One of the most common dietary lipid groups. The most abundant in body tissues. Referred to as fat, it is formed by the synthesis of two types of molecules |
| Hydroxyl | -O-H. Polar components of all four types of organic compounds. Involved in dehydration synthesis |
| Carboxyl | A carbonyl and hydroxyl group combined. Found within fatty, amino, and many other kinds of acids |
| Amino | Nitrogen and hydrogen group |
| Methyl | A group of one carbon and three hydrogens |