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A&P Chapter 2 S5

QuestionAnswer
Functional Group A group of atoms linked by strong covalent bonds and tends to act as one unit in chemical reactions
Macromolecule Any large molecule
Carbohydrate A molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Polysaccharides Polymer of carbohydrates
Monosaccharide A monomer of carbohydrates
Disaccharide A pair of monosaccharides. Formed via dehydration synthesis
Starch Polymers of glucose. Occur in long chains called amylose, or branched chains called amylopectin
Glycogen A polymer of glucose stored in the tissues of animals, particularly muscles and the liver. Not considered dietary carbohydrates since not much remains after the slaughter of an animal
Cellulose A polysaccharide that composes the cell wall of green plants. It is the component of fiber. Not digestible
ATP Composed of ribose sugar, an adenine base, and three phosphate groups. Releases free energy when phosphate bonds are broken
Lipids Highly diverse group of compounds made up of mostly hydrocarbons
Triglyceride One of the most common dietary lipid groups. The most abundant in body tissues. Referred to as fat, it is formed by the synthesis of two types of molecules
Hydroxyl -O-H. Polar components of all four types of organic compounds. Involved in dehydration synthesis
Carboxyl A carbonyl and hydroxyl group combined. Found within fatty, amino, and many other kinds of acids
Amino Nitrogen and hydrogen group
Methyl A group of one carbon and three hydrogens
Created by: user-2030613
 



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