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Femur and Knee

Final Review RAD 115

QuestionAnswer
The inside membrane of the capsule is the Synovial Membrane
Surrounded by a dense fibrous articular capsule Synovial Joints
The bone ends are covered with Articular Cartilage
The_________ makes synovial fluid to help lubricate the joint Synovial Membrane
Ligament Attaches bone to bone
Tendon Attaches muscle to bone
Bursa • Fluid filled sac • Friction reducer • Allows smoother gliding of tendons & muscles over bone or ligaments
Meniscus • Tough, rubbery, fibrocartilage • Shock absorber • Cushions the impact
AP Knee Patient Position Femoral epicondyles parallel with IR, Knee fully extended, if possible
AP Knee Image Criteria • Femoral condyles symmetric and tibia intercondylar eminence centered • Slight superimposition of the fibular head with the tibia • Open femorotibial joint space
Which X-Ray shows the patella completely superimposed on the femur? AP Knee
The patients limb should be rotated 45 degrees when performing a? AP Oblique Knee
AP Oblique Knee Lateral/External Rotation Image Criteria • Margin of the patella projected slightly beyond the edge of the lateral femoral condyle • Open knee joint
Which X-Ray shows the fibula superimposed over the lateral half of the tibia? AP Oblique Knee Lateral/External Rotation
Which X-Ray shows the Tibia and fibula separated at their proximal articulation? AP Oblique Knee: Medial (Internal) Rotation
Lateral Knee CR Placement • 5 to 7 degrees cephalad • Enters knee joint 1 in
Lateral Knee Image Criteria • Knee flexed 20 to 30 degrees • Fibular head and tibia slightly superimposed • Patella in a lateral profile • Open patellofemoral joint space
Which X-Ray shows the Femoral condyles superimposed? Lateral Knee
AP Femur (Proximal) Patient Position • Medially rotate the lower limbs 15- 20° • Place the top of the IR at the level of the ASIS Includes Hip
AP Femur (Distal) Patient Position • Ensure the femoral epicondyles are parallel to the IR • Place the bottom of the IR 2 inches below the knee Includes Knee
AP Proximal Femur Image Criteria • Neck not foreshortened • Greater trochanter in profile on lateral border • Almost no lesser trochanter visible
AP DIstal Femur Image Criteria No rotation of the knee
You should rotate the patient onto their affected side and ensure the femoral epicondyles are parallel to the IR when performing a __________ X-Ray Lateral Femur
Proximal Lateral Femur Patient Position Pelvis is rotated posteriorly 10 to 15° from the lateral position. Place the top of the IR at the level of the ASIS
Distal Lateral Femur Image Criteria • Femoral condyles superimposed, but not perfectly • Tibial plateau and fibular head visible • Patella in profile
Proximal Lateral Femur Image Criteria • Greater trochanter superimposed with femoral neck & shaft • Lesser trochanter in profile on medial border • Most of ischial tuberosity visible
Created by: user-2016295
 

 



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