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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happened with land after the Mexican-American War? | The United States gained a large amount of land from Mexico, including California and the Southwest, and some people wanted to continue expanding into more of Mexico. |
| What was the situation in 1848? | The North had control of the House of Representatives, while the South wanted equal representation in the Senate to protect slavery, and there were 15 slave states and 13 free states. |
| What was the Wilmot Proviso? | that any land gained from Mexico should be free and not allow slavery, which made slavery a national issue again. |
| What was the main goal of the South during this time? | The South wanted to maintain equal power in the Senate so they could protect slavery. |
| What did the Compromise of 1850 do? | Compromise of 1850 made California a free state, allowed people in other territories to vote on slavery, passed the Fugitive Slave Act, banned the slave trade in Washington D.C., and delayed the Civil War. |
| What was the Fugitive Slave Act? | The Fugitive Slave Act required that escaped enslaved people be returned to their owners, even if they were found in free states |
| What was popular sovereignty | Popular sovereignty was the idea that people in a territory would vote to decide whether slavery would be allowed. |
| Why was Uncle Tom’s Cabin important? | Uncle Tom’s Cabin, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852, showed the cruelty of slavery and caused anti-slavery feelings to grow quickly in the North |
| What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act do? | The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed territories to decide about slavery through popular sovereignty and overturned the Missouri Compromise. |
| What was Bleeding Kansas? | Bleeding Kansas was a time when pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups fought violently in Kansas to control whether it would allow slavery |
| What happened in the caning of Charles Sumner? | In 1856, Charles Sumner was beaten with a cane by Preston Brooks after criticizing a Southern senator, showing how extreme tensions had become. |
| Who was Dred Scott? | Dred Scott was an enslaved man from Missouri who had lived in free territories and sued for his freedom. |
| What happened in Dred Scott v. Sanford | 1857, the Supreme Court ruled against Scott, saying he was not free and that African Americans had no rights as citizen |
| What did the Dred Scott decision say about free territories? | The decision said that living in a free territory did not make an enslaved person free |
| What did John Brown do at Harpers Ferry? | 1859, John Brown tried to start a slave rebellion by taking over a weapons arsenal at Harpers Ferry, but he failed and was executed. |
| What were the main candidates in the Election of 1860 | candidates were Abraham Lincoln for the Republicans, Stephen Douglas for the Northern Democrats, John Breckinridge for the Southern Democrats, and John Bell for the Constitutional Union Party. |
| What was important about the Election of 1860? | Abraham Lincoln won the election without support from Southern states, showing how divided the country had become. |
| What were the results of the Election of 1860 | Lincoln received about 39 percent of the vote, Douglas about 30 percent, Breckinridge about 18 percent, and Bell about 12 percent. |