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11.1 Anatomy Vocab

TermDefinition
aorta a large arterial trunk that arises from the base of the left ventricle and channels blood from the heart into other arteries throughout the body
aortic valve the semilunar valve between the left ventricle and the aorta that prevents blood from flowing back into the left ventricle
atrioventricular (AV) valves the two valves (tricuspid and mitral) situated between the atria and the ventricles
cardiac output the amount of blood pumped from the heart per minute
diastole the period of relaxation in the heart when the chambers are filling with blood
endocardium the innermost layer of the heart, which lines the interior of the heart chambers and covers the valves of the heart
epicardium the outermost layer of the heart and the innermost layer of the pericardial sac
inferior vena cava largest vein in the human body that returns deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart from body regions below the diaphragm
interatrial septum the wall that separates the right and left atria in the heart
interventricular septum thick wall that divides the two ventricles in the heart
mitral valve the valve that closes the orifice between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart
myocardium the middle layer of the heart, which makes up about 2/3 of the heart muscle
papillary muscle one of the small muscular bundles attached at one end to the chordae tendineae and at the other to the innermost or endocardial wall of the ventricles; maintains tension on the chordae tendineae as the ventricle contracts
semilunar valves valves situated at the opening between the heart and the aorta and at the opening between the heart and the pulmonary artery; they prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles
stroke volume the volume of blood pumped from the heart per beat
superior vena cava second largest vein in the body that returns deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body
systole a period of contraction when the chambers are pumping blood out of the heart
tricuspid valve the valve that closes the orifice between the right atrium and right ventricle of the heart; composed of three cusps
vasoconstriction narrowing of the blood vessels, which decreases blood flow
vasodilation widening of the blood vessels, which increases blood flow
Created by: espindan1
 

 



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