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Emergence of States
(and Cities)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Outdated view where every society is going to grow and grow until they become like England or the United States | Progressivist |
| Person who said that Societies "evolve in a unilineal fashion" | Lewis Henry Morgan |
| When do the first villages pop up? | Natufian Period |
| What do changes in settlement layout, resource depletion, higher birthrates, and an increase in dead zones have in common? | Consequences of sedentism |
| How do you prevent dead zones? | Burn woodland, become more mobile, or start domesticating plants |
| Geography of Northern Mesopotamia | Seasonal rain and fertile land, irrigation was not neccicary |
| Geography of Southern Mesopotamia | Irrigation was essential for agriculture |
| A society with political centralization, division into elites and commoners. Influence stems from persuasion rather than coercive force. everyone has "enough" | Ranked / Chiefly societies |
| Ubaid settlement hierarchy | some larger village settlements, but most villages are small |
| what site had alabaster figurines found in children's burials? | Tell Es-sawwan |
| what was the name of the gold town, at the mouth of Wadi Hammamat | Naqada |
| what was the name of the hawk town, situated to control trade with nubia? | Hierakonpolis |
| which center in upper egypt had rich agricultural area and was in the vicinity of the western oases? | Abydos |
| What happened to the larger towns in upper egypt during the predynastic? | They became production centers |
| When were the first indications of wrapping the body into strips of linnen? | mid-late predynastic Egypt |
| What is Wittfogel's hydraulic/irrigation civilization model, and why was it disproven? | the model states that large-scale irrigation systems are the prime motivation behind state formation. if this were the case, then the irrigation canals in Egypt would be far more orderly than they actually are |
| what is the palermo stone, and why is it significant? | the stele has the names of kings from the archaic/ED first dynasty through the fifth dynasty. it also lists the king's reigns and corresponding flood levels |
| which early ubaid center had public buildings such as a temple that was built and expanded numerous times? (appears in the sumerian kind list as the oldest city in the world) | Eridu |
| Why is Tell Abada house A important? | the house is distinct throughout all levels, implying some kind of inherited difference. |
| Flannery on Ranked societies in the middle east | chiefdoms WERE present in some larger Ubaid sites, but they were not celebrated as having elite status. therefore, we find less evidence for it. |
| Gil Stein on ranked societies in the middle east | there WERE chiefs, but their prestige derived from their roles in religious rituals. therefore, the religious ideals REQUIRED them to be modest |
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