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Ancient Rome Vocab

TermDefinition
Aeneas great Trojan hero who fled Troy for Italy in a journey told in Virgil's Aeneid
Romulus and Remus legendary twin brothers who are said to have founded Rome
republic government in which people elect leaders to govern them
dictator ruler with almost absolute power, elected during time of war
Cincinnatus famous dictator who defeated a powerful enemy and then resigned his powers
plebeians common people of Rome
patricians powerful nobles of Rome
magistrates elected officials
consuls two most poerful elected officials
Roman Senate council of wealthy and powerful Romans that advised officials
majority rule the largest group has the power to decide government actions
veto to prohibit an official action
Latin language spoken by the ancient Romans
checkks and balances methods of balancing power
Forum Rome's public meeting place
legions groups of up to 6,000 soldiers
Punic Wars a series of wars between Rome and Carthage
Hannibal brilliant Carthaginian general who attacked the city of Rome
Gaius Marius consul and general who encouraged poor people to join the army, creating a force more loyal to him than to Rome
Lucius Cornelius Sulla rival of Marius who raised his own army to defeat Marius and take control of Rome
Spartacus slave and former gladiator who led an uprising of slaves
Cicero a gifted philosopher and orator
orator a public speaker
Julius Caesar Roman general who became dictator for life
Pompey a powerful man in Rome who fought against the Roman Senate
Brutus a young Senator who was once a friend and ally of Caesar's
Marc Antony Caesar's former assistant who took control of Roman politics
Augutus 1st emperor of Rome
Cleopatra queen of Egypt
Hadrian the emperor under whom the Romans conquered most of the island of Britain
provinces areas outside of Italy that the Romans controlled
currency money
Pax Romana the Roman Peace, a peaceful period in Rome's history
villas country homes belonging to rich Romans
Diocletian emperor who divided the Roman Empire into 2 parts
Clovis Frankish king who built a huge kindom in Gaul
Attila fearsome Hun leader who attacked Rome's eastern empire
corruption decay in people's values
Galen Greek doctor who lived in the Roman Empire in the AD 100s
aqueduct a raised channel used to carry water from mountains into cities
Virgil an author who wrote a great epic about the founding of Rome, the Aeneid
Ovid a poet who wrote about Roman mythology
satire style of writing that pokes fun at people in society
Romance languages the languages that developed from Latin, including Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian
civil law a legal system based on a written code of laws
 



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