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microbiology 10-11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| binomial nomenclature | the formal, two-part scientific naming system for living organisms |
| eukaryotic species | a group of organisms that interbreed within the group but not with organisms outside the group |
| prokaryotic species | a group of cells with similar characteristics |
| distinguishing features of archaea | extremophiles, no peptidoglycan, ether linked cell membrane lipids |
| what are taxonomic schemes useful for? | showing evolutionary relatedness |
| serological test | blood test that detects antibodies and antigens |
| mycoplasma | distinguished by their lack of cell wall |
| mycobacterium | gram-positive acid-fast bacterium with a thick, waxy cell wall |
| what do C. perfringens and B. anthrasis have in common? | gram positive endospore forming bacillus |
| Rickettsia rickettsii | tick borne gram-negative coccobacilli |
| Borellia bungdoferri | causes lyme disease |
| Borrelia | gram negative spirochete |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | causes the STI chlamydia, the eye infection trachoma, and urinary inflammation called non-gonococcal urethritis |
| Bordetella pertussis | causes whooping cough |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | gram-negative coccus. causes gonorrhea, an STI that infects the throat and orifices. main symptom yellow-green discharge |
| Clostridium difficile | causes life-threatening diarrhea and inflammation of the colon |
| Salmonella enterica | gram negative bacillus that is the most common source of food poisoning |
| Shigella sonnei | gram negative bacillus. most common cause of dysentery. as few as 10 bacteria can cause a full-blown infection. |
| Escherichia coli | large and diverse group of Gram-negative bacillus. some are harmless but other cause food poisoning or UTIs |
| Staphylococcus aureus | gram positive with a golden glow in agar. causes a range of illnesses and is the most common healthcare infection |
| nosocomial | infections acquired while receiving treatment in a hospital, clinic, or nursing home |
| HAIs | Healthcare-Associated Infections |
| Clostridium perfringens | fast-growing Gram-positive bacillus that causes food poisoning and gas gangrene |
| Clostridium tetani | anaerobic, Gram-positive, motile, bacillus that causes tetanus. produces endospores when in oxygen. |
| Bacillus anthracis | endospore making, aerobic, gram-positive, bacillus that makes the deadly poison anthrax |
| Clostridium botulinum | gram-positive, anaerobic, endospore making. makes the potent neurotoxin botox, causing deadly botulism |
| Mycoplasma pneumonia | causes primary atypical pneumonia and walking pnumonia |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | gram-positive diplococci. causes pneumococcal pneumonia. |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Gram-positive, non-motile, club shaped bacillus that makes diphtheria toxin. toxin halt protein synthesis. |
| Mycobacterium leprae | acid-fast bacillus that causes leprosy. attacks the cooler extremities and blocks pain signals |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | acid fast bacillus that causes tuberculosis, 'the white death' infects immune cells, hides in the lungs, and slowly incubates |
| Borrelia burgdorferi | tick-borne gram-negative spirochete that causes Lyme disease |
| Treponema pallidum | gram negative spirochete that can only be seen via darkfield microscopy. causes syphilis. |
Created by:
DinoRex