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Chapter 23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The fetal stage begins: | At the end of the 8th week and continues until birth |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of childhood? | Becoming reproductively functional |
| A pregnant patient with rubella exposure early in gestation is at increased risk because rubella is described as a: | Powerful teratogen |
| After the fetus is delivered, the placenta is expelled as the: | After birth |
| A cellular change associated with senescence described is | Declining cell division in certain cell types |
| During childhood, a key functional development is establishment of: | Bladder and bowel control |
| hCG helps maintain early pregnancy by: | Keeping the corpus luteum viable |
| The major body part derived from mesoderm are the | Muscle tissue, bone tissue, and bone marrow. |
| After pronuclei unite, the resulting cell is a zygote containing: | 46 Chromosomes |
| Development is a continuous process and includes growth. | True |
| During pregnancy, prolactin is released by the: | Anterior pituitary gland |
| A newborn's first breath must be powerful because it must: | Expands previously collapsed lung |
| Apoptosis is: | Programmed cell death |
| Upon examination of a zygote, a developmental biologist discovers that it possesses 69 chromosomes. What does this indicate? | The zygote resulted from polyspermy( multiple fertilizations of the same oocyte) by two sperm cells. |
| Fertilization(Conception) is the union of a sperm cell and a: | Secondary oocyte |
| Following birth, the infant's metabolic rate | increases and its oxygen consumption increases. |
| The yolk sac is an extraembryonic membrane that, early in development, forms: | Blood cells |
| Relaxin from the Corpus luteum and placenta | Relaxes pelvic ligaments and inhibits uterine contractions |
| Umbilical arteries carry blood: | From the fetus to placenta for reoxygenation |
| After birth, the foramen ovale closes and becomes the: | Fossa Ovalis |
| Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract up to: | 6 days |
| In fetal circulation, a small amount of blood enters the pulmonary trunk primarily to: | Nourish developing lung tissue |
| Genetically, aging can be affected by genes that regulate | glucose and lipid metabolism |
| a major difference between fetal blood flow and adult blood flow is that in the fetus the | inferior vena cava contains blood high in oxygen |
| infancy extends from the end of the 4th week to: | One year of age |
| As the amniotic cavity enlarges, the amnion contacts the chorion and forms the: | Amniochorionic membrane |
| The cell formed immediately after fertilization is the: | Zygote |
| The neonatal period of development extends from birth to the end of one year. | FALSE |
| hCG is secreted by the: | Trophoblast/early placental tissues |
| Relaxin from the Corpus luteum and placenta | Relaxes pelvic ligaments and inhibits uterine contractions |
| The blastocyst stage is characterized by: | A hollow ball of cells with inner cell mass and trophoblast |
| Umbilical arteries carry blood: | From the fetus to placenta for reoxygenation |
| After birth, the foramen ovale closes and becomes the: | Fossa Ovalis |
| Sperm can survive in the female reproductive tract up to: | 6 days |
| In fetal circulation, a small amount of blood enters the pulmonary trunk primarily to: | Nourish developing lung tissue |
| Genetically, aging can be affected by genes that regulate | glucose and lipid metabolism |
| a major difference between fetal blood flow and adult blood flow is that in the fetus the | inferior vena cava contains blood high in oxygen |
| infancy extends from the end of the 4th week to: | One year of age |
| The shunt between right and left atria in fetal circulation is the: | Foramen ovale |
| The umbilical vein carries blood that is relatively: | oxygen rich from placenta to fetus. |
| When the sperm nucleus enters, the secondary oocyte completes: | Meiosis ll |
| As the amniotic cavity enlarges, the amnion contacts the chorion and forms the: | Amniochorionic membrane |
| After birth, the ductus venosus constricts and becomes the | Ligamentum venosum |
| The cell formed immediately after fertilization is the: | Zygote |
| The neonatal period of development extends from birth to the end of one year. | FALSE |
| Embryonic capillary networks within chorionic villi function primarily in: | Exchange of nutrients and gases |
| The fetus is typically positioned for birth with the: | Head near the cervix |
| Autoimmunity refers to: | Immune system attacking the body's own cells. |
| The embryonic stage runs from the 3rd week to: | The end of the 8th week |
| The U.S life expectancy reported(2014) is about 76.4 years for males and 81.2 years for: | Females |
| Labor contractions are aided by contraction of the: | Abdominal wall muscles |
| Mesoderm gives rise to: | Muscle, blood, bone, vessels, kidneys and internal reproductive |
| Thalidomide is a drug used to treat leprosy. if given to a pregnant women, it also can cause | Fetal limb defects. |
| The fetal stage of development at the end of the eighth week: | TRUE |
| A major body part derived from endoderm is: | The epithelial lining of the digestive tract |
| Early in pregnancy, hCG maintains the corpus luteum, which secretes: | Estrogens and progesterone. |
| Passive aging includes degeneration of proteins such as: | Elastin and collagen |
| During the 3rd month of fetal development , a key body proportion change is: | Body lengthens quickly while head grows slow |
| In fetal circulation, most blood from the pulmonary trunk bypasses the lungs through the: | Ductus arteriosus |
| A factor in human milk that promotes growth of lactobacillus is the: | Bifidus factor |
| The cervix becomes thin and begins to open during: | Labor |
| The foramen ovale shunts most blood because fetal: | Lungs are not functional for gas exchange |
| The foramen ovale is an opening that allows fetal blood to pass the: | Right atrium to the left atrium |
| Suckling promotes continued milk production primarily by sustaining: | Prolactin secretion |
| A key driver of the positive feedback loop in labor is cervical stretch leading to: | Oxytocin release and stronger contraction |
| As a result of the foramen ovale, blood is allowed to bypass the | Lungs |
| At the blastocyst stage, the cells are considered | Pluripotent |
| Fetal hemoglobin becomes largely replaced with adult hemoglobin | from 4 months to birth |
| Some factors that helps to stimulate the newborn's first breath are increasing CO2, decreasing pH, decreasing O2, decreasing body temperature, and mechanical stimulation | TRUE |
| Passive aging: | A breakdown of structure and slowing of functions |
| A change described in the 50s includes: | Loss of close vision and slowing nail growth |
| Alcohol exposure during pregnancy can lead to: | Fetal alcohol effects/syndrome with facial changes, slowed growth, and impaired intellect |
| The prenatal period extends from: ; | Fertilization to birth. |
| Active dying is described as a period when: | Appetite declines and organ systems shut down gradually |
| After birth, the umbilical vein becomes: | Ligamentum teres |
| Umbilical arteries carry blood : | from fetus to placenta |
| As the uterus enlarges during pregnancy, a common symptom described is increased: | Urinary frequency |
| A pregnant women wants to know the approximate day her child was conceived. She knows the date of the start of her last menstrual period was March 4th. What does she need to do to calculate the date of conception from this point? | Add 14 days to that date |
| If a patient has a blocked uterine tube, the ART method described as most directly used is: | In Virto Fertilization (IVF) |
| The stage that is a solid ball of~16 cells is the: | Morula |
| In a fetus, the umbilical arteries arise from the renal arteries | FALSE |
| The placental membrane separates: | Embryonic blood from maternal blood |
| Early in the first days, the newborn often uses stored fats and colostrum primarily for: | Energy |
| The neonatal period extends from birth to: | The end of the 4th week. |
| Monica take the drug Accutane throughout her pregnancy, and her child has birth defects, due to the exposure. Accutane is a(n) | teratogen |
| When the alleles on a chromosome are NOT THE SAME or different this can be called? | Heterozygous |
| When a person has two identical alleles for a particular gene, this is called? | Homozygous |
| A dominant allele is one that: | Masks a recessive allele in a heterozygote |
| A study of inheritance of characteristics is called ? | Genetics |
| An allele that masks the effect of another is | dominant |
| Down syndrome is most commonly: | Trisomy 21 |
| This can be defined as " a cell with one or more extra chromosomes (e.g trisomy 21) or missing a chromosome. | Aneuploidy |
| Variations of a gene: | Alleles |
| XX is a female genotype, _____ is another female genotype | XO |
| ___ Can be defined as " all or none expression of a genotype in a person"? | Penetrance |
| segment of DNA that codes for a protein: | Gene |
| Cell free fetal DNA testing analyzes: | Fetal DNA fragments in maternal blood. |
| This can be defined as " the production of a single gene producing two or more unrelated affects" and one example is Marfawns disease that affects connective tissues in the body? | Pleiotropy |
| Worg segments chromo- means: | Color |
| This term can be defined as " having a normal number of chromosomes" for a human organism? | Euploid |
| Which sex will be more affected by sex linked trait such as color blindness? | Males |
| This can be defined as "Traits that are determines by more than one gene. Examples are height, skin color, and eye color? | Polygenic traits |
| Different alleles of the same gene are said to be | heterozygous |
| A disease that can occur in an individual of either gender from two healthy parents: | Autosomal recessive disorder |
| This can be defined as____ when non disjunction will result in "the condition of missing a chromosome and is XO" for a person? | Monosomy |
| The study of inheritance of characteristics: | Genetics |
| How alike are our genomes? | Genetics Nearly 100% |
| What is the name of the segment of DNA that codes for a protein? | Gene |
Created by:
Saqdou6618