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Topic 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Middle Ages | period between ancient times and modern times, roughly from 500 to 1500 CE |
| Medieval | from the Latin for "middle age," relating to the Middle Ages |
| topography | physical features of a place |
| migrate | to move from one region to another in order to live there |
| clergy | people who are trained and ordained for religious services |
| pagan | related to a religion with many gods |
| convert | to switch from one belief system to another |
| missionary | someone who tries to convert others to a particular religion |
| saint | person believe to be especially holy |
| monestary | secluded religious community |
| convent | religious community for women known as nuns |
| sacraments | sacred rites of Christianity, such as baptism and communion |
| Christendom | large community of Christians spread across the world |
| vassals | in medieval Europe, a nobleman who received land from other noblemen in return for his service |
| fief | estate granted by a lord to a vassal |
| knight | warrior mounted on horseback |
| chivalry | code of conduct in medieval Europe that required knights to be brave, loyal, and honest |
| manor | self-sufficient estate of a medieval lord |
| serfs | peasants who are legally bound to live and work onland owned by a lord |
| crop rotation | practice of changing the use of fields over time |
| fallow | unplanted |
| three-field system | system of planting invented in the High Middle Ages which increase the amount of land that could be planted each year |
| guild | association of people who have a common interest |
| mendicant orders | order founded to fight heresy and to preach to ordinary people |
| university | school, or group of schools, that train scholars at the highest levels |