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Chapter 5.1-2

TermDefinition
Binary fission Type of cell division that occurs in prokaryotic cells in which a parent cells divides into identical daughter cells.
Cancer Disease that occurs when the cell cycle is no longer regulated and cells divide out of control.
Cell cycle Repeating series of events that a cell goes through during its life, including growth, DNA, synthesis, and cells division.
Cell division Process in which a parent cell divides to formtwo daughter cells.
Cytokinesis Splitting of the cytoplasm to form daughter cells when a cell divides.
DNA replication Process of copying of DNA prior to cell division
Interphase Stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle when the cell grows, synthesizes DNA, and prepares to divide.
Mitosis Process in which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides.
Tumor Abnormal mass of cells that may be cancerous.
Anaphase Third phase of mitosis during which sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
Centromere a constricted region of the chromosome and separates the short arm (also known as the p arm) and the long arm (also known as the q arm) of the chromosome.
Chromatid one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division.
Chromatin a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms.
Gene the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
Homologous chromosomes Homologous chromosomes are defined as pairs of chromosomes in a diploid organism that have the same content and order of genes but may contain different gene variants, or alleles.
Metaphase a stage during the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis).
Prophase the first stage of mitosis or the second division of meiosis in which chromosomes become visible as tightly coiled threadlike structures
Telophase the last step of cell division, when chromosomes move in opposite directions so two new cells can be formed from one
Created by: FidelJr
 

 



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