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Chapter 32

Biodiversity Spring 2026- Exam 3

QuestionAnswer
What defines animals Multicellular, heterotrophic, no cell walls, nerve/muscles, movement
Why did animal diversity increase in the Cambrian? Increased O2 Hox genes Predator-prey "arms race"
Why is bilateral symmetry imprortant? It allows for movement and cephalization (head developemnt)
Radial vs bilateral symmetry Radial means no front/back Bilateral means distinct body sides
Diploblastic animals 2 layers: ectoderm and endoderm
Triploblastic animals 3 layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Function of ectoderm? Outer covering, nervous system
Function of endoderm Digestive tract lining
Function of mesoderm Muscles and organs
What is a coelom? True body cavity (mesoderm-lined)
What is a pseudocoelom? Partial cavity (not fully mesoderm-lined)
Protostomes vs deuterostomes (blastopore)? Protostome = mouth first Deuterostome = anus first
Cleavage types Protostomes: spiral, determinate Deuterostomes: radial, indeterminate
What is a gametic life cycle? Diploid organism produces haploid gametes via meiosis
Define tissue Group of similar cells
Define bilateral symmetry Left/right sides
Define radial symmetry Circular symmetry (cutting like a pie i.e. jellyfish and starfish)
Define dorsal Back side
Define ventral Belly side
Define anterior Head/front
Define posterior Tail/back
Define blastopore Opening in early embryo
Created by: KristenR2025
 

 



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