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Chapter 31

Biodiversity Spring 2026- Exam 3

QuestionAnswer
List the major characteristics of fungi Heterotrophic (absorptive nutrition), sessile, mostly multicellular, cell walls of chitin, body made of mycelium
How do fungi obtain nutrients? Through the secretion of enzymes they absorb small organic molecules
What group do fungi belong to? Opisthokonta
What do fungi share with animals? Heterotrophy, absorptive nutrition, store glycogen
What is the dominant life stage in fungi? Haploid
When does fungi become diploid? Only briefly after karyogamy (zygote stage)
What is a dikaryotic stage? Cells contain two separate haploid nuclei
What are hypae? Tread-like filaments that make up fungi
What is mycelium? Network of hyphae (main body)
What structure produces spores? Fruiting body
How do fungi grow? At hyphal tips vis water-driven expansion
What is the role of fungi as decomposers? They break down cellulose to recycle nutrients
What are mycorrhizae? Mutualism between fungi and plant roots
What are lichens? Fungi and photosynthetic partner (algae/cyanobacteria)
What is the role of fungi as pathogens? They cause diseases in plants, animals, and humans
What are the biotechnology uses of fungi? Food (yeast), antibiotics, fermentation
Define hyphae Filament structures of funti
Define mycelium Mass of hyphae
Define Yeast Unicellular fungus
Define mole Multicellular filamentous fungus
Define mycorrhize Fungus and photosynthetic partner
Define heterokaryotic Cells with different nuclei
Define dikaryotic Two nuclei per cell
Define decomposer Breaks down dead organic matter
Created by: KristenR2025
 

 



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